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SALUZZO

Lawrence Seanlon, D.D., fixed his see permanently at Salt Lake City. The history of Catholicism in Utah and Nevada practically began when, early in 1873, Father Scanlan settled in Salt Lake City as pastor of a little parish in the city, and missionary priest over all Utah and more than half of Nevada. Before his appointment the pioneer priests. Fathers Raverdy, E. Kelly, James Foley, and Patrick Walsh, visited or resided for a brief period in Salt Lake City. When Father Scanlan took charge, there was only one small church in the great territory. To-day the statistics of the Chm-ch in this region are: estimated Catholic population, Utah and six Nevada counties, 20,000; parishes, 9; missions and stations, 33; paro- chial and missionary priests, 21; Marist Fathers, 10; Sisters of the Holy Cross, 108; Sisters of Mercy, 12. All diocesan and parochial property is vested in the bishop, who holds it in trust for the people. The Cathedral of St. Mary Magdalen, Salt Lake City, dedicated in August, 1909 by Cardinal Gibbons, is one of the greatest ecclesiastical structures west of the Missouri River. The bishop, as pastor of his large parish, is assisted by five curates, who visit the Catholic institutions of the city, preside at the cate- chism classes and direct the sodalities of the Holy Angels, the Sacred Heart, the Children of Mary, and the Altar Society.

Inslitutions. — All Hallows College, Salt Lake City; founded by Bishop Scanlan in 1886; conducted by the Marist leathers (Very Rev. Dr. Guinan, president), has an annual attendance of 200 pupils, taught by 15 professors; St. Mary's Academy, Salt Lake City; conducted by 33 sisters of the Society of the Holy Cross (Sister Alexis, superior), annual attendance, 250 ; Convent of the Sacred Heart, Ogden, sisters, 23; pupils, 230; Kearns St. Ann's Orphanage, Salt Lake City, orphans 160, cared for by 10 sisters of the Holy Cross ; Judge Mercy Hospital, Salt Lake City, conducted by Sisters of Mercy, Holy Cross Hospital, Salt Lake City, under the care of Sisters of the Holy Cross ; the Sisters of the Holy Cross have charge; of the parish s('hools at Salt Lake City, Ogden, Park City, and Eureka. In nearly all the parishes and in all the houses of education, the League of the Sacred Heart, and Sodalities of the Children of Mary and of the Holy Angels are flour- ishing.

Salpointe, Soldiers of the Cross; Howlett, Life of Rt. Rev. Joseph P. Machebeuf; de Smet, Letter published in Pricis Ilis- torigues (Brussels, 19 Jan., 1858); Chittenden, Father De Smet' s Life and Travels among the North American Indians; Harris, The Catholic Church in Utah. W. R. HARRIS.

Salto, Diocese of (Saltensis), in Uruguay, suf- fragan to Montevideo. This diocese with that of Melo was erected by Pope Leo XIII by his Brief of 19 April, 1897, on the petition of the Bishop of Monte- video and with the consent of the Uruguayan Gov- ernment. Montevideo was raised to the archicpisco- pal rank and two titular bishops were named to assist the new archbishop. However, owing to unfavour- able political conditions, no appointments to the new sees have yet been made (December, 1911). The Diocese of Salto comprises the north-western portion of the Republic of Uruguay (see the Ecclesiastical Map of South America in Catholic Encyclope- dia, III), including the departments of Rio Negro, Paysandu, Salto, Artigas, and Tacuaremb6, with an area of 25,700 square miles and a population of about 197,000 inhabitants. The town of Salto (population 12,000) is situated on the Rio de la Plata opposite Concordia in Argentina. It has a large export trade, and is in communication with both Montevideo and Buenos Aires, by boat and rail. Paysandu (popula- tion 16,000) is also a busy commercial centre, the neighbouring region being extensively devoted to stock-raising. It contains a hospital and two churches.

Keane, Central and South America, I (London, 1909); Mutr HALL, Handbook of the River Plate Republics (London, 1895) ; Df az. Hist, de las Repilb. de la Plata (Montevideo, 1878) ; Publications of the DirecciSn de estadistica general (Montevideo, current) ; Brys- SEL, La republique orientale de I' Uruguay (1889) ; Handbook of Uruguay: International Bureau of the American Republics (Wash- ington, 1892 and 1909) ; Bauza, Historia de la dominacidn espaflola en el Uruguay (Montevideo, 1880).

Salutati, Coluccio di Pierio di, Italian Humanist, b. in Tuscany, 1331; d. 4 May, 1406. He studied at Bologna and went to Rome to begin his career as pontifical secretary to Urban IV. He had a pa.ssion for ancient letters and from 1368 was in correspon- dence with Petrarch. In 1375 he was summoned to Florence to be chancellor or Latin secretary for the repubhc, which office he hold until his death. He immediately became a frequent attendant of the learned meetings which were held at the Convent of San Spirito and gathered about Luigi de' MarsigUi, theologian and Humanist (d. 1394), and at the Villa Paradiso of the Alberti. Salutati's hfe was filled chiefly by political and administrative matters; thus he was led to write several works against the Duke of Milan. Among his works are short treatises, "De fato et fortuna", "De religione et fuga ssecuh"; the only one printed is "De nobilitate legum et medicinse" (Venice, 1.542); but the most interesting portion of his works is his correspondence, a learned edition of which was published by Novati ; ' ' Epistolario ' ' (Rome, 1891 — ). Salutati's manuscripts are rather rare in libraries because taste changed suddenly with regard to Latin style. ^Eneas Sylvius (Pius II) said that he may have had merit in his time, but that modern writers had obscured him. As early as 1401 Leonardo Bruni of Arezzo exactly depicted the Florentine circle in his dialogue and represented Salutati as an old man of another generation.

Salutati's activity was exercised under two espe- cially fruitful forms: he received and guided young men very well; Poggio was treated by him as his son; he protected Bruni, and welcomed with enthusiasm Manuel Chrysoloras, whose arrival at Florence in ] 396 was tlie great event of the Renaissance at the end of the fourteenth century. He used his influence to se- cure Chrysoloras a pension of 100 florins a year, and, old as he was, he took \\\) a (X)ur8e in Greek. On the other hand he devottid hims(>If to seeking for Latin MSS; in 1375 he secured from Verona a copy of Catul- lus which is still one of the standard texts of the poet (now in Paris, Bib. Nat., Latin 14137). He was also in possession of Petrarch's Propertius, and the best and most ancient MS. of Tibullus (Ambrosianus) was also probably in his library. Petrarch was only acquainted with a collection of Cicero's letters, comprising the letters to Atticus and Quintus and the correspondence between Brutus and Cicero. While endeavouring to recover Petrarch's copy Salutati stumbled upon an- other collection in 1389, that known as the "Famihar Letters"; in 1392 he was able to have Petrarch's MS. copied at Milan, and this copy is now the chief author- ity for the text. He was the first to po.ssess Cato's treatise on agriculture, the elegies of Maximianus, the "Aratea" of Germanicus, and the commentary of the grammarian, Pompeius, on Donatus. Provided with these means of study he was able to take up questions of literary history. He proved that the treatise "De differentiis " was not Cicero's. He dealt with the problem of the Octavia, but here he shot wide of the mark. To him we owe the distinc- tion, now long admitted to be incorrect, between Sen- eca the tragedian and Seneca the philosopher.

Sabbadini, Le scoperte dei codici latini e grecinesecoliXIV" XV' (Florence, 1905), 34; Voigt, Die Wiederbelebung des classischen AUertums, I (Berlin, 1893), 190; Sandys, A History of Classical Scholarship, II (Cambridge, 1908), 17. PaUL LeJAY.

Saluzzo, Diocese of (Saluci>e, Salutiensis), in the Province of Cuneo, Piedmont, Upper Italy. The city of Saluzzo is built on a hill overlooking a