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 ROCK

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ROCKHAMPTON

to the Academy of Inscriptions and Belles-Lettres in 1816, and two years later, made a keeper of medals and antiques. His appointment to the position of censor (1S20) aroused the hostility of his students, who prevented him from delivering his lectures and caused the course to be suspended. In 1824 he was trans- ferred to the chair of archaeology. He entered the Academy of Fine Arts in 1838, and was made its perpetual secretary in 1839. Besides his memoirs for the Institute and numerous contributions to the "Journal des Savants", he wrote manj' books, the chief of which are: "Histoire critique de I'etablisse- ment des colonies grecquea" (Paris, 1815); "Anti- quites grecques du Bosphore Cimmerien" (Paris, 1822); "Lettressur la Suisse" (Paris, 1826); "Mc- moires inedits d'antiquite figuree grecque, 6trusque et Romaine" (Paris, 1828); "Pompei" (Paris, 1828); "Cours d'archeologie" (Paris, 1828); "Peintures antiques inedites" (Paris, 1836).

Louis N. Delamarre.

Rock, Daniel, antiquarian and ecclesiologist, b. at Liverpool, 31 August, 1799; d. at Kensington, London, 28 November, 1871. He was educated at St. Edmund's College, Old Hall, where he studied from April, 1813, to Dec, 1818. There he came under the influence of the Rev. Louis Havard from whom he acquired his first interest in liturgy, and was the intimate companion of the future historian, Mark A. Tierney. He was then chosen as one of the first students sent to reopen the English College at Rome, where he remained till he took the degree of D.D. in 1825. He had been ordained priest, 13 March, 1824. On his return to London he became assistant priest at St. Mary's, Moorfields, till 1827, when he was appointed domestic chaplain to John, Earl of Shrewsbury, with whom he had contracted a friendship based on similarity of tastes while at Rome. He accordingly resided at Alton Towers, Stafford- shire, till 1840, with the exception of two years during which Lord Shrewsbury's generosity enabled him to stay at Rome collecting materials for his great work, "Hierurgia or the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass", which was published in 1833. He had previously published two short works: "Transubstantiation vindicated from the strictures of the Rev. Maurice Jones" (1830), and "The Liturgy of the Mass and Common Vespers for Sundays" (1832).

In 1840 he became chaplain to Sir Robert Throck- morton of Buckland in Berkshire, and while there wrote his greatest book, "The Church of Our Fathers ", in which he studies the Sarum Rite and other medie- val liturgical observances. This work, which has profoundly influenced liturgical study in England and which caused his recognition as the leading au- thority on the subject, was published in 1849 (vols. I and II) and 1853-4 (vol. III). After 1840 Dr. Rock was a prominent member of the "Adelphi", an association of London i)riests who were working together for the restoration of the hierarchy. When this object was achieved, he w-as elected one of the first canons of Southwark (1852). Shortly after, he ceased parochial work, and having resided succes- sively at Newick, Surrey (1854-7), and Brook Green, Hammersmith (1857-64), he went to live near the South Kensington Museum in which he took the keenest interest and to which he proved of much service. His "Introduction to the Catalogue of Textile Fabrics" in that Museum has been separately reprinted (1876) and is of great authority. He also contributed frequent articles to the Archaeological Journal, the Dublin Review, and other periodicals. For many years before his death he held the honour- able position of President of the Old Brotherhood of the English Secular Clergy. There is an oil painting of him at St. Edmund's College, Old Hall.

GiLLOw, Bibl. Diet. Eng. Calh., s. v.; Sutton in Diet. Nat.

Biog., 8. v., incorrectly dating his departure for Rome 1813 instead of 1818; Kelly, Life of Daniel Rock, D.D., prefixed to the modern Anglican ed. The Church of Our Fathers, ed. Hart and Frere (London, 1903), with portrait. The Edmundian, II (1895). no. 8.

Edwin Burton.

Rockford, Diocese of (Rockfordiensis), created 23 September, 1908, comprises Jo Daviess, Stephen- son, Winnebago, Boone, McHenry, Carroll, Ogle, DeKalb, Kane, Whiteside, Lee, and Kendall Counties in the north-western part of the State of Illinois. The diocese has an area of 6867 sq. miles, and a Cath- olic population of 50,000, mostly Irish and Germans or their descendants. The total population of the twelve counties that form the diocese, according to the last census, is 414,872. The entire territory of the Diocese of Rockford was a part of the Archdiocese of Chicago until 23 September, 1908. Tlie city of Rockford has a population of 48,000; it is a manu- facturing centre. The Right Reverend Peter James Muldoon, formerly Auxiliary Bishop of Chicago, was appointed the first Bishop of Rockford, and took possession of his see, 15 December, 1908. There are in the diocese (1911), 99 secular priests, 64 churches with resident priests, 18 missions with churches, 3 high schools, 25 parochial schools with an attend- ance of 3850, 5 hospitals, 1 maternity home, 1 home for aged, and Mt. St. Mary's Academy for Girls (St. Charles) with an attendance of 84.

Offic. Catholic Director!/ (1911).

J. J. Flanagan.

Rockhampton, Diocese of, in Queensland, Australia. In 1862 Father Duhig visited the infant settlement on the banks of the Fitzroy River and celebrated the first Mass there. Father Scully came from Brisbane to attend to the spiritual needs of the little congregation and in 1863 Dean Murlay was appointed first resident pastor of Rockhampton, his parish extending as far north as Cooktown and south to Maryborough. He built the first Catholic church in Rockhami)ton, a wooden edifice still stand- ing, and for many years was the only priest to look after the Catholics scattered over the vast territory. A fountlation of the Sisters of Mercy from All-Hallows Convent, Brisbane, was established in 1873, and Sister Mary do Sales (jorry, the first Queensland-born nun, was appointed Superioress. Rockhamj)ton remained part of the Diocese of Brisbane until 18S2. In 1876 the Holy See erected the northern portion of the colony into a pro-vicariate, and in 1882 made Rock- hampton a see with a territory of some 350,000 square miles. Right Rev. Dr. Cani, a native of the papal states, who had had a distinguished scholas- tic career at Rome, and former pro-vicar Apostolic of North Queensland, was appointed first bishop of the new diocese. Bishop Cani, who was then administering the Diocese of Brisbane, was con- secrated by Archbishop Vaughan in St. Mary's Cathedral, Sydney, 21 May, 1882, and was installed in his temporary cathedral at Rockhampton on 11 June following.

In the new diocese there were about 10,000 Catho- lics, 6 or 7 priests, 8 Catholic schools, and 1 orphan- age. Bishop Cani added to the small number of priests, purchased sites for new churches, and acquired 3000 acres of fertile land near Rockhampton for a central orphanage which he had built and placed under the care of the Sisters of Mercy. His great work was the erection of St. Joseph's Cathedral, a magnificent stone edifice which he did not live to see dedicated. After a strenuous episcopate of sixteen years Dr. Cani died, 3 March, 1898. His great vir- tues were recognized even by those outside the Church. Humility and simplicity of life, love of the poor and orphans were his special characteristics. He was succeeded in Rockhampton by Right Rev. Dr. Higgins, a native of Co. Meath, Ireland, and now