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 ROCHESTER

102

ROCHESTER

before his de^th; the western transept was added be- tween 1179 and 1200, and the eastern transept during the reign of Henry III. The cathedral is small, being only 30(5 feet long, but its nave is the oldest in England and it has a fine Norman crypt . Besides the shrine of St. Paulinus. the cathedral contained the rehcs of St. Ithamar, the first Saxon to be con- secrated to the episcopate, and St. William of Perth, who was held in popular veneration. In 1130 the cathedral was consecrated by the Archbishop of Canterbury assisted by thirteen bishops in the pres- ence of Henry I, but the occasion was marred by a great fire which nearly destroyed the whole city and dam- aged the new cathe- dral. After the burial of St. William of Perth in 1201 the ofTerings at his tomb were so great, that by their means the choir was rebuilt and the central tower was added (1343), thus completing the ca- thedral. From the foundation of the see the archbishops of Canterbury had en- joj-ed the privilege of nominating the bishop, but Arch- bishop Theobald transferred the right

Thomas Brown, 1435 William Wells, 1437 John Lowe, 1444 Thomas Rotheram (or

Scott), 1468 John Alcock, 1472 John Russell, 1476 Edmund Audley, 1480 Thomas Savage, 1492

Bl. John Fisher

(Cardinal)

Schismatical bishops: John Hilsey, 1535 Richard Heath, 1539 Henry Holbeach, 1543 Nicholas Ridley, 1547 John Poynet, 1550 John Scory, 1551

1504

to the Benedictine monks of the cathedral who ex- ercised it for the first time in 1148.

The following is the list of bishops with the date of their accession; but the succession from Tatnoth (844) to Siweard (1058) is obscure, and may be modi- fied b}' fresh research:

Radulphus d'Escures,

St. Ju-stus, 604 Romanus, 624 Vacancv, 625 St. Paulinus, 633 St. Ithamar, 644 Damianus, 655 Vacancy, 664 Putta, 666-9 Cwichelm, 676 Gebmund, 678 Tobias, 693-706 Ealdwulf, 727 Dunno, 741 Eardwulf, 747 Deora, 765-72 Wairmund I, 781 Befjmmod, 803-5 Tatnoth, 844 Bea<]unoth (possibly iden-

Richard Fitz James, 1496 Vacancy, 1552

The canonical line was restored by the appoint>-

ment in 1554 of Maurice Griffith, the last Catholic bishop of Rochester, who died in 1558. The diocese was so small, consisting merely of part of Kent, that it needed only one archdeacon (Rochester) to super- vise the 97 parishes. It was also the poor- est diocese in Eng- land. The cathedral was dedicated to St. Andrew the Apostle. The ariiLs of the see were argent, on a sal- tire gules an Escalop shell, or.

Shrubsole and Denne, History and An- tiquities of RochcsleriLon- don, 1772); Wharton, Anglia Sacra (London, 1691), pt. i, includes annals by de Hadenham (604-1307) and de Dene (1.314- .50) ; PeaRMan, Rochester: Diocesan History (London, 1S97) ; Palmer, Rochester: The Cathedral and See (London, 1897); Hope, Architectural History of Cathedral in Ketit Archa-ological Society, XXIII, XXIV (1898-1900); ERNaLPHCs, Textus Rnffensis. ed. Hearne (London, 1720). reprinted in P. L., CLXIII; Pegoe, Account of Texttis Roffensis (London, 1784) in Nichols, Bib. Topog. Brit. (London, 1790); J. Thorpe, Registrum Roffense (London, 1769); J. Thorpe, Jr., Custumale Roffense (London, 1788); Winkle, Cathedral Churches of England and Wales (Lon- don, 1860); Fairbairns, Cathedrals of England and Wales (Lon- don, 1907); Godwin, De pra-siilibus Anglia- (London, 1743); John of Canterbury 1125 Gams, Series Episcoporum (Ratisbon, 1873); Seakle, Anglo-

The Cath

Rochester, England

1108 Ernulf, 1115

John of Sees, 1137 Ascelin, 1142 Walter, 1148 Gualeran, 1182 Gilbert de Glanvill, 1185 Benedict de Sansetun,

1215 Henry Sandford, 1226 Richard de Wendover,

1235 (consecrated,

1238) Lawrence de St. Martin,

1251 Walter de Merton, 1274 John de Bradfield, 1277

Saxon Bishops, Kings and Nobles (Cambridge, 1899).

Edwin Burton.

Rochester, Dioce.sb of, on its establishment by separation from the See of Buffalo, 24 January, 1868, comprised the counties of Monroe, Livingston, Wajme, Ontario, Seneca, Cayuga, Yates, and Tomp- kins in the state of New York. In 1896, after the death of Bishop Ryan of Buffalo, the boundary line of the two dioceses was somewhat (!hang(>d, the counties of Steuben, Schuj'ler, Chemung, and Tioga being d(!t a(hed from the See of Buffalo and added to that of Ro(-hcslcr.

Bishops: (1) Rev. Bernard J. Mc(2uaid, who be- came a pioneer and leader in Catholic education and the founder of a modtsl seminary, was consecrated

tical with Warmund II) Thomas Inglethorp, 1283 bishop of Rochester in St. Patrick's Cathedral, New

Wx-rmund II, 84.5-t32

Cuthwulf, H60-8

Swithwulf (date unknown)

Ccfjlmund, S97-W4

Cynefrith (date unknown)

Burhric, 933 or 9.34

Beorhtsigc (doubtful name)

Daniel, 951-5

Aelfstan, c. 964

Godwine I, 995

Go<Jwine II (date un- known)

Siweard, 1058

AmoHt, 1076

Gundulf, 1077

Thomas de Wouldham

1292 Vacancy, 1317 Hamo de Hythe, 1319 John de Sheppey, 1352 William of Whittlesea,

1362 Thomas Trilleck, 1364 Thomas Brinton, 1373 William de Botti.sham,

13S9 John de Bottisham, MOO Richard Young, \\\ John Kemp, 1419 fafler-

ward.s (Cardinal) John Langdon, 1421

York City, on 12 July, 1808. Four days later he took possession of his small and poor diocese, con- taining only sixty churches admini.stered by thirty- eight priests, seven of whom were Redemi)lorist Fathers. When he died, 18 Jan., 1909, after forty years spent in a laborious episcopate, his diocese was richly furnished with churches, schools, seminaries, charitable institutions, answering the manifold needs of the Catholic population, then I'stimated at 121,000. (2) Rev. Thomas F. Hickey was con- HC(Tat(!d in St. Patrick's Cathedral, Rochester, 24 M;iy, 1905, having been appointed coadjutor to Bishop McQuaid.

Chiihchbh: The steady growth of the Catholic population in the Diocese of Rochester, due mainly to immigration of Irish, German, French, Polish,