Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 12.djvu/801

 REGINALD

719

REGIONARII

Coelorum", the irregular sjiitonic strophe of the "Regina Coeli", down to the sonorous prose rhythms (with rhyming closes) of the Salve Regina. "In the 16th century, the antiphons of our Lady were em- ployed to replace the Uttle office at all the hours" (Baudot, "The Roman Bre\-iarj'", London, 1909, p. 71). The "Regina CceU" takeb the place of the "An- gelus" during the Paschal Time.

The authorship of the "Regina Coeli" being un- known, legend saj-s that St. Gregory the Great (d. 604) heard the first three Unes chanted by angels on a certain Easter morning in Rome while he walked bare- foot in a great religious procession and that the saint thereupon added the fourth line: "Ora pro nobis Deum. Alleluia." For detaUs of the interesting legend, cf. Gueranger, "Liturgical Year", Paschal Time, Part I, p. HI (tr. Dubhn, 1S71). (See also S.\LVE Regin'.\ for a similar attribution of authorship.) The authorship has also been ascribed to Gregorj' V, but without good reason. The beautiful plainsong melodies (a simple and an ornate form) are variously given in the Ratisbon antiphonarj' and in the Solesmes " Liber Usualis" of 190S, the ornate form in the latter work, with rhythmical signs added, being very at- tractive. The official or "typical" melody will be found (p. 126) in the Vatican Antiphonary (1911). Onh' one form of melody is given. The different syllabic lengths of the lines make the anthem difficult to translate with fidelity into English verse. A literal prose rendering is given in the "Baltimore Manual of Prayers". Seven versions are noted in Julian's "Dictionars' of Hvmnologv", but not that of C. H. Esling ("CathoUc Record", May, 1873, p. 12) nor that of Archbishop Bagshawe ("Breviarj' Hjinns and Missal Sequences", London, 1900, p. 220). The ' anthem has often been treated musically by both pohTjhonic and modern composers.

H. T. Henry.

Reginald, Axtoxix, baptized Axtoine R.waille, theologian; b. at Albi in Languedoc, 1605; d. at Toulouse, 12 April, 1676. He became a Dominican at Avignon in 1624. After a course of studies he was appointed professor of philosophv in the schools of his order (1632). During the years 1639-49 and 1671-76 he taught theolog>- in the LTniversity of Toulouse. He took a prominent part in the discus- sions "De Auxiliis Gratise" under Innocent X (Rome, 1652-53). From 1653-57 he was provincial of Oc- citania. Reginald was a zealous defendar of the Thomistic doctrine of grace and wrote many works on that subject. His chief work, which was pubhshed after his death (Antwerp, 1706), is "De mente Con- cihi Tridentini circa gratiam seipsa efficacem". The more important of his other works are: "Opiis- culum de vero sensu composito et diviso" (Paris, 1638); "QuEEstio . . . Quse fuerit mens Con- cilii Trid. circa gratiam efficacem et scientiam mediam" (Toulouse, 1644); " Dis.sertatio de Cate- chism! romani auctoritate" (Toulouse, 1648); the un- finished work "Doctrinae D. Thomae tria principia cum suis consequentiis" (Toulouse, 1670) and many unpublished lectures on the "Summa Theologica".

QrfTlF-EcHARD, Script. Ord. Prod., II, 661-3.

J. A. McHuGH.

Reginald of Pipemo, Dominican, theologian, companion of St. Thomas Aquinas, b. at Piperno about 1230; d. about 1290. He entered the Domini- can Order at Xaples. St. Thomas chose him as his socitxs and confessor at Rome about 1260. From that time Reginald was the constant and intimate companion of the saint, and his testimony is con- tinually cited in the process of Thomas' canonization. To this disciple Thomas dedicated several of his works. In 1272 Reginald wa,« cured of a fever by the prayers of the saint. The same year he began to teach with

Thomas at Naples. He attended at the death-bed of the holy doctor, received his general confession, and pronounced the funeral oration (1274). He re- turned to Xaples, and probably succeeded to the chair of his master. Reginald collected all the works of St. Thomas. Four of the "Opuscula" are reports he made of lectures deUvered by the Saint, either taken down during the lecture or afterwards written out from memory. These are: "Postilla super Joannem" (corrected by St. Thomas), "Pos- tillae super Epistolas S. Pauli", "Postilla super Tres Xocturuos Psalterii", "Lectura super Primum de .\nima". Reginald is also considered bj' some as the compiler of the Supplement to the Summa Theo- logica. The funeral discourse published at Bologna in 1529 under the name of Reginald is the work of the Italian humanist Flaminius.

Qc^TiF-EcH.iRD. Script. Ord. Prad., I, 382: M.\xdoxxet, Des ecrii.^ aulhentiques de S. Thomas D'Aquin (Fribourg. 1910), 37-41, 52-3, 133-4.

J. A. McHuGH.

Regino of Priim, date of birth unknown; d. at Trier in 915. According to the statements of a later era Regino was the son of noble parents and was bom at the stronghold of Altrip on the Rhine near Speyer. X'othing is known concerning his life until he waa elected Abbot of Prum in 892. From his election as abbot and from his writings, it is evident that he had entered the Benedictine Order, probably at Prtim itself, and that he had been a diligent student. The rich and celebrated Abbey of Priim suffered greatly during the ninth century from the marauding incursions of the Xormans. It had been twice seized and ravaged, in 882 and 892. After its second devastation the Abbot Farabert resigned his office and Regino was elected his successor. His labours for the restoration of the devastated abbey were ham- pered by the stmggle between contending parties in Lorraine. In 899 Regino was driven from his office by Richarius, later Bishop of Liege, the brother of Count Gerhard and Count Mattfried of Hennegau. Richarius was made abbot; Regino resigned the posi- tion and retired to Trier, where he was honourably received by Archbishop Ratbod. He supported the archbishop in the latter's efforts to carry out ec- clesiastical reforms in that troubled era, rebuilt the Abbey of St. Martin that had been laid waste by the Xormans, accompanied the archbishop on visitations, and used his leisure for writing. At Ratbod's suggestion he wrote his work on ecclesias- tical discipline for use in ecclesiastical visitations (see C.\N"oxs, Collections of Ancient, III, 2S6); he also wrote a treatise "De harmonica institutione" [ed. Coussemaker, "Scriptores de musica medii xvi", II (Paris, 1867), 1-73], for the improvement of liturgical singing; further, his great historical work, the chronicle (see Annals, I, 533). Regino waa buried in the monastery of St. Maximin near Trier.

Marx. Gesch. des Erzstiftis Trier, II, Pt. I (Trier, 1860), 296 sqq.; Ebeht, AUgem. Ge^ch. der Lit. des Milielalt. im Abendhnde, III, 226 sqq.: Wattesb.ach, DetUschlands Geschichtsquellen im MitletaU. {7th ed.). I, 311.

J. P. KiRSCH.

Regiomontanus. See Mtjller, Johann.

Regionarii, the name given in later antiquity and the early Middle Ages to those clerics and officials of the Church in Rome who were attached neither to the papal palace or patriarchium, nor to the titular churches of Rome, but to whom one of the city regions, or wards, was assigned as their official district. For internal administration the city of Rome was divided by the Emperor .\ugustus into fourteen regions. From the fourth centurj- developed (e\-idcntly in connexion with the seven Roman deacons) an ecclesiastical divi- sion into seven regions, which gradually replaced the earlier civil di\'isions. Many branches of the eccle- siastical administration were arranged in accordance