Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 12.djvu/677

 QUERCIA

601

QUESNEL

in his "Lyra Catholica" (1849), are easily accessible in the reprinted work (London, 1884). For first lines of the various translations, sources, authors, see Julian, "Diet, of Hymnology" (2nd ed., London, 1907, 944). To his list should be added the transla- tions of Archbishop Bagshawe ("Breviary Hymns and Missal Sequences", London, 1900, 106-7), and Judge Donahoe ("Early Christian Hymns", New York, 1908, 80-1). The revised form of the Latin text as well as the older forms, with variant readings and some interesting notes, may be found in Daniel ("Thesaurus Hymnologicus", I, 172; II, 382; IV, 135), and in Mone (Lateinische Hymnen des Mittel- alters, II, 128-31). For Latin text and English tr., ancient plain song harmonized, and alternative musi- cal setting, see "Hymns, Ancient and Modern" (London, 1909, Hymn 222). The official or "typical" melody will be found in the "Antiphonary".

H. T. Henry.

Querela, Jacopo Della, sculptor, b. (it is said) at Querela Gro.ssa, near Siena, 1374; d. 20 October, 1438. His father, a goldsmith, taught him design. When about sixteen he made an equestrian wooden statue for the funeral of Azzo Ubaldini ; he is believed to have left Siena soon after this, owing to party strife and dis- turbances. In 1401 he reappeared in Florence, a competitor for the gates of S. Giovanni (assigned to Ghiberti); in 1408 he executed in Ferrara various sculptures, notably the Madonna of the Pomegranate. One of his most exquisite works, the tomb of Ilaria del Carretto, second wife of Paolo Guinigi, in the Cathedral of Lucca dates about 1413. The Gothic altar-piece at S. Frediano, Lucca, with figures of Our Lady and saints (c. 1413) is by him. He spent ten years on his Fonte Gaia, in the Piazza del Campo, Siena; it has figures of Our Lady and of the theological and cardinal virtues, reliefs of the creation of man and exT>ulsion from paradise, and various water- spouting animal forms. The fountain was restored by Tito Sarocchi in 1868. Also in Siena (Baptistery of S. Giovanni) is the font made from Jacopo's designs (1417-30). The surmounting statuette, the Baptist, the marble reliefs of the Prophets, and one of the six bronze-gilt panels (Zacharias led out of the Temple) are from his hand. A very important work is the great doorway of S. Petronio, Bologna, with fifteen bas-reliefs from Genesis (1425-38). Raphael and Michelangelo are both indebted to these sculptures. In the ambulatory of S. Giacomo, Bologna, is the monument of Antonio Bentivoglio (d. 1435). The mandorla of the Assumption, Sta Maria del Fiore, Florence, has been claimed for Jacopo, but modern authorities give it to Nanni del Banco. The forms of Jacopa are highly tactile, graceful, and animated.

LObke, History of Sculpture, tr. Burnett (London, 1872); Perkins, Tuscan Sculptures (London, 1864); Cicognara, Storia ddla ScuUura (Venice, 1S13); Baedeker, Guidebook for Italy (Leipzig, 1904). M. L. HaNDLEY.

Queretaro, Dioce.se of (de Qderetaro), in Mexico, suffragan of Michoacan. Its area is that of the state of the same name, 4492 sq. miles, population, 243,515 (census of 1910). The principal city, residence of the bishop and the governor, is Queretaro, population (1910), 35,011, founded by the Otomis Indians in 1446, and occupied by the Spaniards since 1.531. The Carmelites established themselves there in 1601, the Dieguinos in 1613, the Fathers of Mercy in 1636, the Dominicans in 1692; the Augustini'ans and the Fathers of the Oratory of St. Philip also had houses in Quer6taro. The Jesuit college of Saint Francis Xavier was suppressed in 1767 by Charles III on the occasion of the expulsion of all Jesuits from the Spanish possessions. One of the most notable in- stitutions of Queretaro was the college of .Vpostolic missionaries, which Innocent XI called the greatest influence for the propagation of the Faith in the

Indies. Missionaries went forth from it to evan- gelize Sonora, California, Texas, and Tamaulipas. In 1848 the Government of the Republic asked for some of its members to take charge of the missions of -Sierra Gorda. Almost all of the present diocese

Church of La Ca

of Queretaro formed part of the Archdiocese of Mexico until 26 January, 1862, when by the Bull "Optimum Maximum" of Pius IX, the See of Queretaro was created. The diocese has two seminaries with 128 students; it numbers 101 parochial schools and nine Catholic colleges, which together contain 5195 students. There are one Protestant college with 65 students and two Protestant churches. Adjoining the residence of the bishop, in the capital near the church of La Cruz, is the Convent of La Cruz, occupied as headquarters by Maximilian during the siege of the city by General Escobedo in May, 1867. The Capuchin Convent was used as a prison for the Emperor Maximilian and his two generals, Miramon and Mejia. It was on the hill of Las Campanas on the outskirts of the town that these generals were shot, 19 June, 1867. An elaborate mortuary chapel

has replaced the former modest monument erected on the site. At Queretaro was ratified in 1848 the treaty by which Mexico ceded to the United States, at the close of the war, the territory covered by Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and Upper California.

Vera, Cnlerinmo geogrdfico-histdrico-estadlstico de la iqlesia mexicana (.\mecameca, 1881); Noriega. Geografia de la re- pubtica mexicana (Mexico, 1898) ; Domenech, Guia general descriptiva de la repiiblica mexicana (Mexico, 1899).

Camillus Crivelli.

Quesnel, Pasqoier (Paschase), b. in Paris, 14 July, 1634; d. at Amsterdam, 2 December, 1719. Descended from an ancient noble family he completed at the Sorbonne a brilliant course in philosophy and theology. At the age of twenty-three he entered the congregation of the Oratory where his tah^nts were