Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 12.djvu/628

 PUGH

558

PUGIN

Pierre Puget

"Madonna" for the Balbi; another for the Carrega;

"St. PhiUp Neri"; the "Rape of Helen", Palazzo

Spinola; a relief of the "Assumption" for the Duke of Mantua. His sculptures in the Louvre are "Her- cules", "Janus and the Earth", "Perseus dehver- ing Andromeda", "Milo of Cro- tona", "Alex- ander and Di- ogenes". At the Consigne, Mar- seilles, is his "Plague of Mi- lan". Architec- tural works are the door and bal- cony of the Hotel de Ville, Toulon; the fish market, Marseilles; he al- so commenced the Church and Hos- pice of Charity

in that city, but left it unfinished at his death.

LAGR.4XGE, Pierre Puget, peinlre, sculpleur, archilecte (Paris, 1868); CicoGS.iR\. Sloria ddla Scultura (Venice, 1S13); Henry Sur la vie et les aumes de P. Puget (Toulon, 1S53).

M. L. Handley.

Pugh, George Ellis, jurist and statesman, b. at Cincinnati, O., 28 November, 1822; d. there, 19 July, 1876. He was the son of Lot Righ and Rachel Anthony. Educated at Miami LTniversity,0.\f ord, O., graduating X.M. in 1843, he was admitted to the bar of the Supreme Court of Ohio in 1844, and won high repute as a lawj'er in Cincinnati, where he prac- tised. He served in the Mexican War, 29 April, 1847- 1 April, 1848, as captain Co. F., 4th Ohio V. L, and as aide-de-camp to General Lane, being commended for braverj- at Atlexco, 19 Oct., 1847. He was a mem- ber of the Ohio House of Representatives from Hamil- ton County, 1848-9; city solicitor, Cincinnati, 1850; attorney-general, State of Ohio, 1852-54 ; and was elected to the United States Senate from Ohio, 3 Dec, 1855-3 March, 1861. He was the first native of Ohio to sit in that body. His principal services were in the committees on public lands and on the Judiciary. Displaying great ability in discussion of the measures arising from the question of slavery and in the or- ganization of the territories of Kansas and Nebraska, hfi supported Douglass's doctrine of popular sover- eignty, and was defeated for re-election to the Senate in 1861 by Chase. He was delegate in 1860 to the Char- leston-Baltimore Convention of the Democratic party, acting as chairman of Ohio delegation and supporting the nomination of Douglass. The reply to Yancey on the slavery ciuestion was most effective. Yancey blamed the northern delegates for "admitting slavery to be wrong and thus surrendering the very citadel of their argument". Pugh answered: "You mistake us; we will not do so." He defined the position of the northern democrats, setting out that while they were not opposed to the institution of slaverj- in the states where it existed, they were unalterably opposed to its extension into any free state and any territory with- out the untraiameiled consent of the residents thereof, as ascertained by an appeal to the ballot.

During the Civil War he advocated the exercise of every constitutional power by the Government to preserve the ITnion. Defeated for Lieutenant-Gov- ernor of Ohio in 1863, and for representative to the 29th Congress in the 1st Ohio district in 1864, he was elected a delegate to the constitutional convention of Ohio in 1872, but declined to serve. His most noted

legal argument was the appeal in habeas corpus pro- ceedings on behalf of ^'allandigham in 1863. The question involved was the power and duty of the court to free Vallandigham held in confinement under a military order. Pugh urged release on the ground that the civil courts of Ohio and of the L'nited States were open and unimpeded in Ohio and that only through proceechngs in them, and not by the exercise of military authority, could Vallandigham, a civilian, be lawfully imprisoned. Soon after his marriage to Therese Chalfant, 22 Nov., 1855, both he and his wife were converted to the Church.

T.iYLOR, Ohio in Congress: Appleton's Cyc. Amer. Biog., 8. v.

John G. Ewing.

Pugin, Augustus Welby Northmore, architect and archaeologist, b in London, 1 March, 1812; d. at Ramsgate, 14 Sept., 18.52; only child of Augustus Charles Pugin (originally de Pugin), a French Prot- estant of good family, who had fled from France and settled in London about 1798, and soon acquired distinction as a draughtsman in the office of John Nash, and as a teacher of architectural drawing. The young Pugin received his element arj' education as a day-boy at Christ's Hospital, better known as the Blue-coat School. At an early age he took his place among his father's pupils, and in 1825 he accompanied a party to Normandy for the study of Gothic architec- ture. From his father he inherited a surprising deU- cacy and dexterity in drawing and from his mother, Catherine Welby, some of that force of character ancl piety which so distinguished him in after years. When fourteen he was entrusted with the responsibility of preparing drawings of Rochester Castle, and the year following, on occasion of his second visit to France, we find him suffering from overwork while sketching in the Cathedral of Notre Dame at Paris. In the same year he was engaged to design furniture for Windsor Castle. In his youth a passion for theatri- cal accessories took possession of him. He fitted up a model stage with mechanical apphancesof all kinds on the upper floor of his father's house in Great Rus- sell St.; he executed the scenery for the new ballet opera of "Kenil- worth", which owed its success largely to the architectural ef- fects of his sce- nery; and subse- quent ly he worked at the rearrange- ment of the stage machinery of Drurv Lane. While still a deli- cate youth he be- came intensely fond of the sea, had a smack of his own, did some small trading in carrj'ing w o o d - carvings from Flanders, and was shipwrecked off Leith in 1830. This love of the sea was strong in him to the end of his life.

In 1831 he married Ann Garnett, and shortly after- wards was imprisoned for non-payment of rent. He then opened a shoj) in Hart Street, Covent Garden, for the supply of architects' drawings and architectural accessories. The venture, however, did not succeed. His ^yife died in childbirth 27 May, 1832. In 1833 he married Louisa Burton, who bore him six children, among whom were the two who successively carried on his business, the eldest, Edward (d. 1875) and the

AtJGUBTus Welbt Pugin From a portrait by Herbert