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and in March they purchased several lots at the comer of Linn and Belts Streets (the present site of St . Marj''s Hospital), and began constructing a hospital. More sisters soon arrived from the mother-house, and in 1860 they were able to establish a branch-house in Coving- ton, Ky.

In the spring of 1861 Mrs. Peter offered her resi- dence to the sisters for a novitiate, and home for the Clarisses or recluses, a contemplative branch of the congregation, for whose coming she had long been negotiating with Mother Frances. In October, 1861, three recluses came to America, and from their arrival up to the present time perpetual adoration of the Most Blessed Sacrament has been carried on without interruption in this novitiate convent of St. Clara. Mrs. Peter reserved for herself the use of several rooms, wherein she lived a life of retirement until her death in Feb., 1877. The congregation owed much of its rapid progress in the New \\orld to the influence of this noble lady. Hospitals have been founded in the fol- lowing cities of the United States: Cincinnati (1858); Covington, Kv. (1860); Columbus, O. (1862); Hobo- ken, N. J. (1863); Jersey City, N. J. (1864); Brook- lyn, N.Y. (1864); 5th St., N.Y. City (1865); Qumcy, lU. (1866); Newark, N.J. (1867); Davton, O. (1878); N. Y. City (1882); Kansas City, Kan. (1887); Fair- mount, Cin., O. (1888); Columbus, O. (1891); 142nd St., N. Y. City (1906). In 1896 the novitiate was removed to Hartwell, O., where the congregation pos- sesses a large convent, church, and grounds, the centre of activity of the Province in America.

WILST.4CH, Frances Schervier and her Poor Sisters in Catholic World Magazine, LXIII (New York). 261.

Sister Antonia.

Poor Servants of the Mother of God, a

reUgious congregation founded in 1808 by Mother Mary Magdalen Taylor in conjunction with Lady Georgiana FuUerton (q. v.). Mother M. Magdalen was the daughter of a Church of England clergj'man. As one of Miss Nightingale's band of nurses in the Crimea she became acquainted with the Catholic Faith as manifested by many of the soldiers, and on her return to England entered the Church. Her sub- sequent intimacy with Lady Georgiana Fullerton led to the foundation of a congregation for work among the poor of London, then inadequately served by a single convent. At first an affiliation ■nith the Little Sisters of Marj- (Archduchy of Posen) was considered, but this was found to be impracticable, and the new order was placed under the direction of its own superior general (Mother 1\I. Magdalen). From the first it was approved and encouraged by Cardinal Manning, its spiritual training being committed to the Fathers of the Society of Jesus, near whose church in Farm St., London, its existence began. Its Consti- tutions are based on the Rule of St. Augustine, and the congregation was approved by Leo XIII in 1885. The members devote themselves to visiting the poor, teaching in parochial schools, nursing, and conducting institutions of refuge and rescue for women. To the mother-house in Rome are attached two schools and the pubhc church of St. George and the EngUsh Martyrs. In this church on (!ood Friday, 18S7, the Three Hours was preached for the first time in English by Father Lucas, S.J. Other houses are in Florence; London (2); Brentford; Roehampton; Streathara; St. Helen's, Lancashire, where the sisters conduct the only free hospital in the town; Liverpool; Brighton; Dubhn (2); Carrightowhill, Co. Cork; Youghal, Co. Cork. The congregation is under the direction of a superior general. A black habit is worn, with a blue scapular and a black veil. There are no lay sisters.

Tavlob, Inner Life of Lady G. Fullerton (London, 1899); Idem, Memoir of Father Dignam, S.J. (London, a. d.); Cb.wen, Lady Oeoroiana Fullerton (Paris. 188S): Steele. Convents of Great Britain (London, 1901); Mtssenyer of the Sacred Heart (April, 1901).

Blanche M. Kelly.

Popayan, Archdiocese of (Popatanensis), lies approximately between 1'^ 20' and 3° 2' north latitude, and 78° 4' and 80° 3' east longitude. Since the Decree of the Sacred Congregation of the Consistory (7 July, 1910), the boundaries of the archdiocese are, on the north, the Diocese of Call, along the Rivers Sonso and Rio Claro; on the west, the same diocese, along the mountain chain of the Cordillera Occidental; on the south, the Diocese of Pasto, along the Rivers Patia and Juanambii, and on the east, the Diocese of Garz6n, along the Cordillera Central. The archdio- cese comprises the entire Department of del Cauca, and portions of the Departments of Narino and El \'alle. The diocese was established by Paul III 1 Sept., 1546; the see. however, was not erected until 8 Sept., 1547, when the first bishop named to the see, Don Juan del \'alle, performed the ceremony by Apostolic delegation at .Aranda del Duero, in the Dio- cese of Osma, Spain. The diocese became a suffragan of Lima, and so remained until 1573, in which year Bogota became a metropolitan see and received Popayan among its suffragans. The Sacred Congre- gation of the Consiston,-, however, by its Decree of 20 June, 1900, made Popaydn an archdiocese, with Pasto, Garz6n, and Cali for suffragans, its first arch- bishop being Don Manuel Jose de Cayzedo. Among the Bishops of Popaydn, special mention should be made of Agustin de la Corufia (1509-89), an Augus- tinian, who was a student under St. Thomas of Villa- nova. He suffered vexations, and even banishment, for his activity in defence of the Indians. Bishop Carlos Bermiidez (1827-86) restored the seminary, and suffered banishment through his firm defence of the rights and privileges of the Church. The Bishop Juan Buenaventura Ortiz (1840-94) wrote a history of the Diocese of Popayan (Historia de la Di6- cesis) and a treatise on religion for colleges (Religi6n para los Colegios).

M. Antonio Arbolida.

Pope, Alex.ander, poet, son of Alexander Pope and his second wife, Edith Turner, b. in London, England, 22 May, 1688; d. at Twickenham, England, 30 May, 1744. His parents were both Catholics, and the son lived and died in the profession of the faith to which he was born. The poet's father was a linen mer- chant in Lombard Street, London, who before the end of the seventeenth century retired on a moderate fortune first to Kensington, then to Binfield, and finally to Chiswick, where he died in 1717. Soon after this event Pope with liis mother removed to the villa at Twickenham, %vhich became his permanent abode, and which, with its five acres, its gardens, and its grotto, will be forever associated with his memory. As a child he was very delicate, and he retained a con- stitutional weakness as well as a deformity of body all through his life, while in stature he was very diminutive. His early education was spasmodic and irregular, but before he was twelve he had picked up a smattering of Latin and Greek from various tutors and at sundry schools, and subsequently he acquired a similar knowledge of French and Italian. From his thirteenth year onward he was self-instructed and he was an extensive reader. Barred from a poHtical and to a great exient from a professional career by the penal laws then in force against Catholics, he did not feel the restraint very acutely, for his earliest aspira- tion was to be a poet, and at an exceptionally youthful period he was engaged in writing verses. His first idea was to compose a great epic, the subject that pre- sented itself being a mythological one, with Alcander, a prince of Rhodes, as hero; and perhaps he never wholly relinquished his intention of producing such a poem, for after his death there was found among his papers a plan for an epic on Brutus, the mythical great-grandson of jEneas and reputed fovmder of Britain. The Alcander epic, which had reached ae