Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 11.djvu/854

 PETRONIUS

782

PETRUCCI

the sixteenth century, St. Potronillu's roniaiiw were translated to an altar (still dedicated to Iier) in the upper end of the right side-uisle (near the cupola). Her fciist falls on 31 May.

De Rossi, Si/mlcro di S. Pflronilla nrlln basilica in via Ar- deatina e sua traslazione at Valicajio in Bullt-ttiuo di arch, crist. USVS), 125 sq. (1879), 5 sq.; Ddmaz, La France el aainle Pi- tronille in Annales de St. Louis des Frautais (1890), .517 sq.; Urbain, Bin Marlyrologium der chrisll. Gemeiiide zit Horn (Leip- lig, 1901), l.')2; DnFODRCQ, Les Oesla Marlurum romain.i, I (Paris, 1900), 251 sq.

J. P. KiRSCH.

resumed and the glorious Italian -Gothic church completed as if stands to-day. The feast of St. Petro- nius is cilchralcd on 4 October.

Ada .S.s,. II. (Ul.. I.'il .sqq.; Melloni. Alii o memorir di S. Pclronio (Hl..k:n!i, 17sl); Bolland, Bibl. hag. lal., II (1901), 96.5-6; MoniN, Deux petits discours d'un ivique Pelronius du V* aiicle in Kevue binidicline (1897). 1 sqq.; Czapla, Ceniiadiua als Literarhistoriker (MUnster, 1898), 94 sqq.; Lanzoni. San Pelronio, vescovo di Bologna nella sloria e nclla lenenda (Rome. 1907)

J. P. KiRSCH.

Petropolis, Diocese of (Petropolitanensis), Petronius, S.\int, Bishop of Bologna, date of in the Province of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, erected 11 birth unknown; d. before 4.50. The only certain his- Feb., 1895. The sec founded by Leo XIII 21 May

torical information we possess concerning him is derived from a letter written by Bishop Ku- cherius of Lyons (d. 450-5) to Valeriiinus (in P. L., L, 711 sqq.) and from Gennadius' " De viris illustribus", XLI (ed. Czapla, Mlinster, 1898, p. 94). Eucherius writes that the holy Bishop Petronius was then re- nowned in Italy for his virtues. From Gennadius we receive more detailed information: Petronius belonged to a noble family- whose members occupietl high iKisitions at the imperial Court at Milan and in thejiro- vincial lulministrations at the end of the fourth ana the be- ginning of the fifth centuries. His father (also named Petro- nius) was probably pmfcciux prcetorio, since a Petronius filled this office in Gaul in 402-S. Eucherius seems to suggest (P. L., L, 719) that the future bishop also held an important secular position. Even in his youth Petronius devoted him- self to the practices of asceti- cism, and seems to have visiteil the Holy Places in Jerusalem, perhaps on a pilgrimage. About 432 he was elected and conse- crated Bishop of Bologna, where he erected a church to St. Stephen, the building scheme of which was in imitation of the shrines on Golgotha and over the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusaliin. The buildings belong approxi- mately to the perioil wlicn Leo I had basilicas erected in Home and Galla Placidia in Ravenna

St. Petronhth

Church of S. Domenico. Bologn:

School of Michelangelo

1893, at Nictheroy, and trans- ferred to Petropolis 11 Feb., 1S95, was retransferred to Nictheroy in 1908. The city of Pctnipolis was founded by tlicKniiHiorof Brazil in 1845, as a colony for German immi- grants and named in honour of Dom Pedro; it is a delightful summer resort. In 1894 it was made the capital of the State of Rio de Janeiro. Nictlieioy is situated on the Bay of Rio de Janeiro. In 1834, when the city of Rio de Janeiro was formed into a "municipio neu- tro" and separated from the rest of the state, Nictheroy be- came the capital of the prov- ince and remained so until

1894. The first bishop, Fran- cois de Rogo Maia, b. at Per- nambueo, 29 Sept., 1849, was elected in Sept., 1893. The second bishop, Jean - Frangois Braga, b. at Pelotas, Diocese of St. Pierre de Rio Grande, 24 Aug., 1867, cons. 24 Aug., 1902; transferred to the See of Curityba, 1907. The present bishop, Augustin-Frangois Ben- nassi, b. at Rio de Janeiro, 17 Nov., 1868, was elected 13 March, 1908, and cons. 10 May following. Statistics: area, 15,- 548 square miles ; Cat holic popu- lation, 1,000,300 (Protestants, about 9000); 123 parishes, 100 filial churches or chapels, 89 sec- ular and 35 regular priests, 3 col- leges, and one technical school.

United States of Brazil, A Geograph- ical Sketch (1901) ; Annuaire pontifical cntholique (Paris, 1910).

J. Zevely.

Petronius is believed to have

written a work on the life of the Egyptian monks Petrucci, Ottavio dei, inventor of movable metal

(Vitae patrum Mgypti monachorum); the author type for printing mensural and polyphonic music,

of this work, however, is Rufinus of Aquileia. The b. at Fossombrone near Urbino, Italy, 18 June, 1466;

treatise "De ordinatione episcopi", bearing the d. there, 7 May, 1539. In 1498 he secured from the

name of Petronius as author, is by the elder Petronius, City Council of Venice a twenty years' patent for

who was a man of eloquence and wide acquaintance the exploitation of his invention. Beginning in 1501,

with the secular sciences. Morin has published a he continued his publications for ten years at Venice,

eermon entitled "In die ordinationis vel Natale epis- after which he turned his establishment over to

copi" (Revue bi-n&lictine, 1897, 3 sq.), which Genua- Amadeo Scotti and Niccol6 da Rafael. He after-

dius ascribes to Bishop Petronius of Verona, whom wards secured from the papal authorities a fifteen

Czalpa holds is Petronius of Bologna, but this assign- years' privilege or license for the Papal States. From

ment is not certain. According to Gennadius, Petro- 1513 to l.'>23 he operated a music-printing establish-

nius died during the reign of Emperor Theodosius and ment in his native city, Fossombrone.

Valentinian, i. e., before 450. In the twelfth century Until 1901 Petrucci was considered as the pioneer

appeared a legendary life of the saint, whose relics in the use of the movable metal type for the printing

were discovered in 1141. Shortly after^vards a church of liturgical books, but Dom Rafael Molitor, in his

was erected in his honour at Bologna; a second, " Nachtridentinische Choralreform " (Leipzig, 1901,

planned on a large scale, was begun in 1390, and built I, 94), demonstrates that it was lllric Han, or Hahn,

as far as the cross-aisle. In 1659 the building was a native of Ingolstadt, residing at Rome, who printed