Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 11.djvu/732

 PERIGUEUX

668

PERIGUEUX

of the mission followors, and plundered and burned a poem on the life of St. Martin and another poem on

the missions of Santiago, San Jos(?, Santa Rosa, and, the miraculous euro of his grandson by St. Martin;

La Paz. For some time there was danger of an out- two named .Aiifhcdius; and l/upus, imct, rlictorician,

break throughout the wliole peninsula, but order was and ni:itlicnialician. Two provincial .synods of Hor-

rcstored and mission work resumed. From 1742 to deaux were held at I'crigucux in VM'iS and 1S.')I). 1748, a series of epidemic visitations, probably small- The history of the church of St. Front of P6ri-

Eox, reduced them to one-sixth of their former num- gueux gave rise to numerous discussions between

er,' and two of the four missions were abandoned, archa'ologists. F(51ix de Verneihl claims that St

in 1769 another pestilential visitation wasted their numbers and jjrovoked another outbreak, which was suppres.sed by Governor Gonzalez in person. Hy 1772 less than 400 remained alive and these were hopelessly

Front was a copy of St. Mark's (Venice); Quicherat, that it was copied from the church of the Holy Apos- tles of Constantinople. M. Brutails is of opinion that if St. Front reveals an imitation of Oriental art, the

diseased from contact with the pearl fishers and Span- construction differs altogether from Byzantine meth-

ish soldiery. Missions were continued at San Jos6 and ods. The dates 9S4-1047, often given for the erection

La Paz (Todos Santos) under Franciscan and Domin- of St. Front, he considers too early; he thinks that

ican auspices into the last century, but the tribe is long the present church of St. Front was built about 1120-

since extinct. 1173, in imitation of a foreign monument by a native

For bibliography see Gdaicuri Indians. local school of architecture which erected the other

James Mooney. domed buildings in the south-west of France.

St. Vincent de Paul was ordained jiriest 2.3 Sept.,

Perigueux, Diocese of (Petrocoricensis), com- 1600, by Bourdeilles, Bishop of Periguenx. Fenelon

prises the Heiiartiuent of Dordogne and is suffragan (q. v.), born in the Diocese of Sarlat, was titular of the

to the .\nhliislio|irie of Bordeaux. By the Concordat priory of Carinac which his uncle Francois de Salignac,

of 1801, the Dio- ceses of Perigueux and Sarlat were united to the See of Angouleme; in 1821 Perigueux was again the seat of a bishopric which united the for- mer Dioceses of Peri- gueux and Sarlat, ex- cepting 60 parishes given to Agen and Angouleme and 49 parishes which had once belonged to Limoges, Cahors, and Tulle.

The Martyrology of Ado gives St. Front as the first Bishop of Perigueux ; St. Peter is said to have sent him to this town with the St. George to whom later

The Cathedral, Perigueux

Bishop of Sarlat, had given him. The Church of Perigueux is the only one in France to celebrate the feast of Charle- magne (28 Jan.). This Church has a special veneration for Saints Silanus, Sever- inus, Severianus, and Frontasius, martyrs, disciplesof St. Front; St. Mundana, mar- tyr, mother of St. Sacerdos, Bishop of I.iinoges (sixth cen- tuiv); the Benedic- tine St. Cyprian, Ab- bot of the Perigueux niona.stery (sixth cen- tury) ; St. Sour (Sorus), a hermit who died about 580, foimder of the Abbey

traditions assign the foundation of the church of Le Puy of Terrasson. The Carmelite monk St. Peter Thomas

(q. v.). Subsequent biographies, which appeared be- (1305-1366), a native of Salles in the Diocese and Pa-

tween the tenth and thirteenth centuries, make St. triarch of Constantinople, died in Cyprus during the

Front's life one with that of St. Fronto of Nitria, crusade which for a short time gave Alexandria to the

thereby giving it an Egyptian colouring. At all events Christians. we know by the Chronicle of Sulpicius Severus that a The Diocese of Perigueux has a remarkable relic

Bishop of Perigueux, Paternus, was deposed for her- esy about 361. Among the bishops are: Raymond V, Cardinal of Pons (1220-1223); the future cardinal. Blessed Klie de Bourdeilles (1447-1468); Claude de Longwy, Cardinal of Givry (1540-1547); the future Canlinal Gousset (1836-1840), subsequently Arch- bishop of Reims

Pierre Raoul or Gerard, a parish priest in Perigord, brought back after the first crusade the Holy Shroud of Christ, entrusted to him by a dying ecclesiastic of Le Puy, who himself obtained this relic from the legate Adh6mar de Monteil. The Cistercians who founded the monastery of Cadouin in 1115 had a church erected in honour of this relic; its cloister, a marvel of

The Abbey of Saint-Sauveur of Sarlat, later placed art, was consecrated in 1154. Notwitlistandmg the under the patronage of St. Sacerdos, Bishop of Li- strict rules of the order interdicting the use of gold moges, seems to have existed before the reigns of Pepin vases, the Chapter of CIteaux permitted a gold reli- the Short and Charlemagne who came there in pil- quary for the Holy Shroud. As early as 1140, the grimage and because of their munificence deserved to Holy See instituted a confraternity in honour of the be called "founders" in a Bull of Eugene 111 (1153). Holy Shroud, tliought to be tlie oldest m France. St. About 936 St. Odo, Abbot of Cluny, was sent to reform the abbey. The abbey was made an episcopal see by John XXII, 13 Jan., 1318.

Among the bishops of Sarlat were Cardinal Nicolas de Gaddi (1535-1546) and the preacher Jean de Lin- gendes (1639-1650).

Vesuna (subsequently P6rigucux) was in the fifth centurj' the site of an important school ; it had distin- guished professors: Paulinus the rhetorician; his son Paulinus the poet, who wrote (between 465 and 470)

Louis in 1270 venerated tlie Holy Shroud at Cadouin; Charles VI had it exposed for one month in Paris; Louis XI founded at Cadouin in 1482 a daily Mass. Bishop Lingendes in 1444 held an official investigation which asserted the authenticity of the relic. The other chief places of [lilgrimage are: at Belves, a shrine of Notre-Danie de Capelou, mentioned in 1153 in a Bull of Eugene III. Notre-Dame de Fontpey- rines; Notre-Dame du Grand Pouvoir at P6rigueux, dating back to 1673; Notre-Dame des Vertus, dating