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 PAMELIUS

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PAMIERS

Doctor and Master of Theology in 1314. Wishing to devote his life to teaching and writing, he avoided all offices of honour in the order, except those pertaining to the direction of studies. Twice, however, he was sent as definitor from the Province of France to the General Chapter. John XXII, wishing to organize a Crusade, sent him in 1318 as legate to the Court of Flanders, in the hope of establishing peace between the prince and the King of France. The mission was not successful, and his associates made charges to the pnp(> against the legate, who, however, easily cleared hims(4f. He was also a member of the commission appointed by John XXII to examine the writings of Petrus Olivi, whose books contained some errors of the Fraticclli (Denzinger, 484-91, interesting account in Touron). About this time he wrote "De causa immediata ecclesiastics potestatis" (Paris, 1.50G) against John of Poillv, whose errors were condemned 25 July, 1321 (Denzinger, 491, 49.5). In 1329 the pope called him to Avignon, and consecrated him Patriarch of Jerusalem. The same year he journeyed into Egypt, to negotiate with the sultan for the deliv- erance of the Holy Land. The sultan was immovable. The accounts which the patriarch gave of the miser- able condition of the Holy Land led to the announce- ment of another Crusade, but owing to apathy, and dissensions among the Christian princes, the project failed. Peter resumed his studies, composing at this time his commentaries on the Sentences of Peter Lombard, in which he combats Durandus. About 1332 he was appointed by the King of France to pre- side over the deliberations of a body of prelates and theologians whom Philip had convoked at Versailles to discuss the charge made against John XXII, of asserting that the souls of the just will not be admitted to the beatific vision until after the general judgment. Th<! patriarcli and his associates manifested consum- mate )jru(lence in dealing with this matter. In a let- ter to tlie king they declared (1) their entire submis- sion to the pope's authority, and their filial devotion to his person; (2) their belief, based on the testimony of trustworthy witnesses, that John XXII had not held, much less taught, the opinion attributed to him, Ijut at the most, had mentioned it (recitandu) and examined it; (3) that since the death of Christ the souls of the just with no faults to expiate immediately after death, and the souls of other just persons after complete purgation, are admitted to the beatific vi- sion, which will endure forever. This doctrine was defined by Benedict XII, 29 Jan., 1.3.36 (Denzinger, 530). Besides the works mentioned, Paludanus wrote commentaries on all the books of the Bible, and " Concordantia; ad Summam S. Thoma;" (Salamanca, 15.52).

Du BoULAY. Cdt. illustr, academ. Hist. Univ, Parisi, IV, 984 (Paris, 1673) ; Qu£tif-Echasd, Script. Ord. Prad., I, 603 (Paris, 1719): Touron, Hist, des hommes illustres de VOrdre de S. Dom., II (Paris, 174.5), 223; Sixths Senensis, Bibliot. iiancta, lib. IV (Venice, 1566, Lyons, 1591); see Benedict XII; Durandus; Fra- TicELLi; John XXII.

D. J. Kennedy.

Pamelius (Jacques de Joignt de P.\mele), Bel- gian theologian, b. at Bruges, Flanders, 13 May, 1.5.36; d. at Mons in Hainaut, 19 September, 1587. He was educated at the Cistercian Abbey of Boneffe in the Province of Xamur; studied philosophy at Louvain, and on 27 March, 1553, he was promoted magisler arlium. For the next nine years he studied theology under the direction of Ruard Tapper .'ind Josse Rave- stein and after receiving the li.iiriil.niir.itc he followed the course of the Sorbonne. On l(t Imic, 1561, he was made a canon of St-Donatien at BriiKcs. and was or- dained priest probably 21 February, 1562. He vis- ited all the libraries of the Low Countries to procure manuscripts and unedited works, and devoted him^ self to the publication of rare texts, beginning with the "Micrologus de e^clesiasticis observationibus "

(Antwerp, 1565), a valuable liturgical commentary on the Roman "Ordo" which dates probably from the beginning of the twelfth century. From 1568 to 1571, Pamelius was dean of the chrelienle of Bruges. He was appointed (1570) a member of the commission for the examination of books by Remi Drieux, Bishop of Bruges, and aided in the publication of the "Index expurgatorius " of 1571. In 1574 he replaced George de Vrieze as scholar of the chapter of St-Donatien and shared in the installation of the college of the Jesuits at Bruges in 1575. The protection which Pamelius extended to the victims of Calvinistic violence at Bruges drew upon him the hatred of the heretics and he was obliged to withdraw to Douai. In 1581 the chapter of St-Omer promoted him to the dignity of the Archdiaconate of Flanders. After the death of Bishop Jean Six (11 Oct., 1.586), Philip II appointed PameUus his successor in the See of St-Omer, but Pamelius died before receiving his bulls of confirmation. Besides the "Micrologus", he wrote "Liturg.ica latinorum" (Cologne, 1571); "De rehgionibus diversis non ad- mittendis . . . relatio" (Antwerp, 1.589) ; a catalogue of ancient commentaries on the Bible (.Antwerp, 1566) ; and he edited the works of St. Cyprian (Antwerp, 1566), Tertullian (Paris, 1584), and Rhabanus Maurus (Cologne, 1527).

Eulogy by Taelbomius (Antwerp, 1589) ; Gratulationes et mox tumuli D. Jacobo Pamelio ah .int. Hoio, Brug. et Fred. Jamotio medico (Douai. 1587); De Schhevel. Pamete (Jacques de Joigny de) in Biographie nalionale. . . de Belgique, XVI (1901), 528- 542.

L. Van der Essen.

Pamiers, Diocese of (Apam^ea), comprising the Department of Ariege, and suffragan of Toulouse. The territory forming it was united to the Arch- bishopric of Toulouse on the occasion of the Concor- dat of 1801; the Concordat of 1817 re-established at Pamiers a diocese which existed only in September, 1823, uniting the ancient Dioceses of Pamiers and Couserans, the larger portion of the former Dioceses of Mirepoix and Rieux and a deanery of the former Diocese of .\let (See Carcassonne). A decree of the Holy See 11 March, 1910, re-established the titles of the former Sees of Couserans and Mirepoix.

A. — Diocese of Pamiers. The traditions of the dio- cese mention as its first Apostle of Christianity, St. Antoninus, born at Fredelacum near Pamiers, an apostle of the Rouergue, martyred in his native coun- try (date uncertain). The Abbey of St. Antouin was founded near Fredelacum about 960; in 1034 it passed under the jurisdiction of the Bishops of Girone and was annexed in 1060 to the Congregation of Cluny. A castle built on the site of the abbey by Roger II, Count of Foix (1070-1125), was called Appamia; hence the name of Pamiers which passed to the neigh- bouring small town. Boniface VIII created a see at Pamiers by the Bull "Roinanus Pontifex" 23 July, 1295, and made it a sulf ragan of Xarbonne. He named Bernard Saisset Abbot of St. Antonin, and by a decree 18 April, 1296, settled the boundaries of the new dio- cese dismembered from that of Toulouse. The op- position of Hughes Mascaron, Bishop of Toulouse, and the conflict between .Saisset and Roger Bernard III, Count of Foix, prevented Saisset from taking im- mediate possession of his diocese; Abb6 Vidal has proven that it is not true, as had long been thought, that St. Louis of Anjou, who became Bishop of Tou- louse at the death of Mascaron, hat! been appointed provisional administrator of the Diocese of Pamiers. Saisset took possession of his see on 19 April, 1297; having sided with Boniface VIII (1301), he was im- prisoned by order of Philip the Fair.

After careful investig.ation, Clement V, 3 August, 1308, complied with T^rtain demands of Toulouse concerning the decree of Boniface VIII, and the Dio- cese of Pamiers remained, but with poorer resources than those i-ssigned it by Boniface VIII. However,