Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 11.djvu/48

 NEW YORK

24

NEW YORK

ing days ho spent quietly preparing for the end, his coadjutor ever treating him with respectful kindness and sympathy. He died 20 December, 1S40, full of years and merits. Those of his assistants who were notably prominent were Father Felix \'arela, an emi- nently pious and versatile priest, an exile from Cuba, and the Revs. Jo.se]>h Sehncller, Dr. Constantine C. Pise, Alexander Mupietti, .lolin KafTeiner, the pioneer German pastor; Hatton Walsh, P. Malou, T. Ma- guire, Michael Curran, Gregory B. Pardow, Luke Berry, John N. Neumann, later a Redemptorist and Bishop of Philadelphia, and John \A'alsh, long pastor of St. James, Brooklyn.

D. — Bishop Hughes, the administrator, at once as- sumed the title of the see as its fourth bishop, and is the really great figure in the constructi\-e period of New York's history. "It was a day of great men in the civil order", says the historian, Dr. John Gilmary Shea, "the day of Clay, Webster, Calhoun, yet no man of that era spoke so directly or so effectively to the American peo- ple as Bishop Hughes. He was not an ortlinary man. It had been well said that in any assemblage he would have been notable. He was full of noble thoughts and aspi- rations and de- voted to the Church; every plan and every proj ect of his mind a i m e d at the i;r(^atergood of the country". The >inry of his event- ful career is told in a separate article (see Hughes, John), and it will sufEce to mention here some of the many distinguished men who helped to make his administration so impor- tant in local records. Among them were the Rev. Wil- liam Quarter, afterwards first Bishop of Chicago, and his brother, the Rev. Walter J. Quarter, the Rev. Ber- nard O'Reilly, first Bishop of Hartford; the Rev. John Loughlin, first Bishop of Brooklyn; the Rev. James R. Bayley, first Bishop of Newark and Archbishop of Baltimore; the Rev. David Bacon, first Bishop of Portland; the Rev. William G. McCloskey, first rec- tor of the American College at Rome and fourth Bishop of Louisville, Ky., son of one of the Brooklyn pioneers; the Rev. Andrew Byrne, first Bishop of Lit- tle Rock; the Rev. John J. Com'oy, Bishop of Albany; the Rev. William Starrs, vicar-general; the Rev. Dr. Ambrose Manahan, the Rev. Dr. J. W. Cummings, Archdeacon McCarron, the Rev. John Kelly (Eugene Kelly's brother), who went as a missionary to Africa and then became first pastor at Jersey City. These are only a few of the names that are prominent. Among the notable converts of this period may be mentioned the Rev. Thomas S. Preston, J. V. Hun- tington, F. E. White, Donald McLeod, Isaac T. Hecker, A. F. Hewit, Alfred Young, Clarence W^al- worth, and Edgar P. Wadhams, later Bishop of Cgdensburg.

E. — As the successor of Archbishop Hughes, Bishop John McCloskey of Albany was promoted to be the second archbishop. He had been consecrated Coad- jutor of New York, with the right of succession, in 1844, but resigned both offices to become the first Bishop of Albany in 1847 (see McCloskey, John). He returned to New York in spite of his own protests

John Dubois Third Bishop of New York

of unworthiness, but with the unanimous approval and rejoicing of the clergy and laity. He was born in Brooklyn, 10 March, ISIO, and was therefore the first native bishop, as li<' was i lie second native of New York to be ordained to the priesthood. He was a gentle, polished, ainialile l)relate, and accomplishefl nuich for the ]>rogre.-is of Catlmlie New York. The Protectory, the Foundling Asyhuii, and the Mi.ssioii of the Immaculate Virgin for hdineless children were founded under his auspices; he resumed work on the new Cathedral, and saw its comi)lction; the provincial seminary at Troy was organized; churches, schools, and charitable institutions were everywhere increased and improved. In the stimulation of a general ap- preciation of the necessity of Catholic education the cardinal (he was elevated to the Purple in 1875) was incessant and most vigorous. He saw that the foundations of the structure, laid ilecp by his illustri- ous predecessor, upheld an edilicc in which all the re- quirements of modern educational mctliods should be found. Like him, also, as years crept on, he asked for a coadjutor, and the Bishop of Newark, Michael Augustine Corrigan, was sent to him.

F. — Born in Newark, 31 August, 1839, his college days were spent at Mt. St. Mary's, Emmitsburg, and at Rome. Ordained in 1863, Bishop Corrigan be- came president of Seton Hall College in 1868, Bishop of Newark in 1873, Coadjutor of New York in 1880, and archbishop in 188.5 (see Corrigan, Michael A.). He died, from an accidental fall during the building of the Lady Chapel at the Cathedral, 5 May, 1902. It was said of him by the New York "Evening Post": "The memory of his life distils a fragrance like to that of St. Francis." By some New Y'orkers he was for a time a much misunderstood man, whose memory time will vindicate. Acute thinkers are appreciating his worth as a civilian as well as a churchman, and the fact that, for Catholics, he grappled with the first menac- ing move of Socialism and eft'ectually and permanently checked its advance. He was an administrator of ability and, socially, a man of winning personality. To the serious problem of providing for the spiritual need of the inrushing thousands of European immi- grants he gave successful consideration. The splen- did seminary at Dunwoodie is his best memorial. Its beautiful chapel he built at a cost of $60,000 — his whole private inherited fortune. During his admin- istration controversy over the school question was waged with a certain amount of acrimony. He was regarded as the leader of those all over the country who stood for uncompromising Catholic education. Archbishop Corrigan was also drawn into conflict with the Rev. Dr. Edward McGlynn, rector of St. Stephen's church, a man of considerable ability, but whose radical views on the ownership of land had brought on him the official censure of Cardinal Si- meoni, Prefect of Propaganda. In the municipal elec- tion of 1886, in spite of the archbishop's warnings, he became the open partisan of Henry George who was the candidate for mayor of the Single Tax party. As a consequence, he was suspended, and, as an alumnus of the College of Propaganda, was summoned to Rome to answer the charges made against him. He refused to go and was excommunicated. — For details and text of official letters, see Archbishop Corrigan's statement to New York papers (21 January, 1887) and Dr. McGlynn's formal answer in Henry George's "Standard" (5 February, 1887).— Dr. McGlynn's partisans organized themselves into what they called the Anti-Poverty Society. He addressed this body every Sunday until about Christmas, 1892, when, having willingly accepted the conditions laid down by the pope, he was absolved from censure and recon- ciled by Mgr Satolli, the Apostolic delegate. Ac- cording to a published statement by Mgr Satolli, the conditions were in this form : "Dr. McGlynn had pre- sented a brief statement of his opinions on moral-