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 ODO

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O'DWYER

Matmals for History of Thomas Beclcct (Rolls Scries, London, 1875), Index; I, 542; VI. 331; Kinosford in flirt, of Nal. Biog., B. v.. for li.-*! of his writines; Leland. Collectanea, ed. Hearne. IV (London. 1774). fiS; Idem. Comment, de Script. Brit., 210-12; Wright. /iio<;. Brit. .ini/lo-Xorman (London. 1841)). 224-6; Hardy. Dtacriptivc Catalogue (1865); Chronicon de Bella (London, 1851).

S. Anselm Parker.

Odo of Cheriton, preacher and fabulist, d. 1247. He visited Paris, and it was probably there that he gained the de};ree of Master. Bale mentions a tradi- tion that lie was a Cistercian or a Prtenionstratcnsian; but he can hardly have taken vows if, as seems most likely, he was the Master Odo of Cheriton mentioned in Kentish and London records from 1211 to 1247, the sonof William of Ciieriton, lord of the manor of Delce in Rocliester. In 1:21 1-12 William was debited with a fine to the crown, for Odo to have the cuslodia of Cher- iton church, near Folkestone. In 1233 Odo inherited his father's estates in Delce, Cheriton, and elsewhere. A charter of 1235-6 (Brit. Mus., Harl. Ch. 49 B 45), by which he quitclaimed the rent of a shop in London, has his seal attached, bearing the figure of a monk seated at a desk, with a star above him (St. Odo of Cluny?).

Like Jacques de Vitry, he introduced exempla freely into his sermons; his best known work, a collection of moralized fables and anecdotes, sometimes entitled "Parabola;" from the opening words of the prologue {Aperiam in paraholis os ineum), was evidently de- signed for preachers. Though partly composed of commonly known adaptations and extracts, it shows originality, and the moralizations are full of pungent denunciations of the prevalent vices of clergy and laity. The "Parabolae" exist in numerous manu- scripts, and have been printed by Hervieux (Fabulistes Latins, IV, 173-255); a thirteenth century P^rench ver- sion is extant, also an early Spanish translation. Some of the contents reaiJjK'ar, along with many other exem- pla, in his sermons on the Sunday Gospels, completed in 1219, extant in sc\eral manuscripts; an abridgment of which, prepared by M. Makerel, was printed by ,1. Badius Ascensius in 1520. The only other extant works, certainly authentic, are "Tractatus de Pceni- tentia", "Tractatus de Passione", and "Sermones de Sanctis"; but the "Speculum Laicorum" also cites him as authority for many other exempla. Haur^au's contention (Journal des Savants, 1896, 111-123), that the fabulist was a thstinct person from the author of the sermons and treatises, is not supported.

Hervieux, Fabulistes Latins, IV, Eudes de Cheriton ei ses Dtrivis (Pariij, 1890); Herbert, CalaXogue of Romances, III, SI- TS, 371-405.

J. A. Herbert.

Odo of Glanfeuil (Saint-Maur-sur-Loire), abbot, ninth-c<:tilury liagiographer. He entered Glanfeuil not later than S5tj and became its abbot in 861. In 864 he issued a "Life of St. Maurus", a revision, he claimed, of a "Life" originally written by Faustus of Montecassino, which makes St. Maurus the founder and first abbot of (Jlanfeuil, and is the chief source for the legendary sojourn of that saint in France. It is so anachronistic that it is generally believed to have been composed by Odo himself, though Mabillon and a few modern writers ascribe it to Faustus [Mabillon in "Annates O.S.B.", I, 629-54, and in "Acta SS. Ord. S. Ben.", I, 259 sq.; Adlhoch in "Studien und Mittei- lungenausdemBenediktinerundCistercienserOrden", XXVI and XXVII (Briinn, 1905 and 1906); Plaine, ibid., XVI (1905); Huilher, "Etude critique des Actes de S. Maur de Glanfeuil" (Paris, 1903); Halphen in "Revue historiqiie" LXXXVIII (Paris, 1905), 287- 95]. The "Life" is printed in "Acta SS.", .January, II, .321-332. Another work of Odo, "Miracula S. Mauri, sive restauratio monasterii Glannafoliensis", has some historical value. The author narrates how he fled with the relics of St. Maurus from the Normans in 862 and how the relics were finally transferred to

the monastery of St-Maur-des-Fossi^s near Paris in 8(iS. It is printed in "Acta SS,", January, II, 334-42. In S(iS Odo [)ccame:ilso .Mihot. of St-Maur-des-Foss^'S. !l.,-iili-s llu- rrffiiiicos nirnlHiiu-^i above sco Landbeau, Lea Vici.s.-i/u-A.i dc Vabbai/c dc Savd Maur aux VIII' el IX' aiiclea (AngiTs. 1'.I05). 44-5S; Adlhocu in Studien und Mitleilungen aus dem Benedikliner und Cistercienaer Orden, XXVII (BrUnn. 1906), 675-91; BlHLMEYER in Kirchliches Handlex., II (Munich, 1909), 1192-3.

Michael Ott. Odoric of Pordenone. See Pordenone, Odoric

OF.

O'Dugan, John (Se/Cghan "mor" O DubhagXin), d. in Roscommon, 1372. His family were for several centuries hereditary historians to the O'Kellys of lU Mdine. His most important work is a compila- tion of verse, giving the names of the various tribes and territories of the Irish, and the various chiefs be- fore the coming of the Normans. He devotes 152 lines to Meath, 3.54 to Ulster, 328 to Connacht, and only 56 to Leinster, leaving it evidently unfinished at his death. His contemporary, Giolla-na-naomh O Huidhrin (Heerin), completed it. This work throws more light upon ancient Irish names and territories than any other similar work. In his monumental "Cambrensis Eversus", Dr. Lynch (q. v.) says that he could not find "any better source than this re- markable poem" concerning the chief Irish families before the coming of the English. His prfcis of it occupies ]iagi'S 235-79 of the first volume of Father Matthew Kelly's edition. O'Dugan %vas the author of several other extant poems, all more or less in the nature of a memoria tecluiicn, valuable chiefly for their facts about the kings of Ireland and of the provinces. He also composed several rules for determining move- able feasts, etc.

Topographical Poems of John O'Dubhagain and Giolla na Naomh O'Huidhrin, with translations, notes, and introductory dissertations by O'Do.novan (Dublin, 1862); O'Reilly, Catalogue of Irish Writers (Dublin, 1820); Webb. Compendium of Irish Biogr. (Dublin, 1878); Cai:lbrensis Eversus, tr. Kelly. I (Dublin. 1848).

Douglas Hyde.

See Four Masters,

O'Duignan, Peregrine.

Annals of the.

O'Dwyer, Edward Thomas. See Limerick, Dio- cese op.

O'Dwyer, Joseph, physician, inventor of intuba- tion; b. at Cleveland, 1841; d. in New York, January 7, 1898. He was educated in the public schools of London, Ontario, and studied medicine in the office of Dr. Anderson. After two years of apprenticeship he entered the College of Physicians (New York) from which he was graduated in 1865. He won first place in the competitive examination for resident physicians of the Charity, now the City, Hospital of New York City on Blackwell's Island. 'Twice during his service he contracted cholera. After the completion of his ser- vice he took up private practice. Four years later (1872) he was appointed to the staff of the New York Foundling Asylum.

The deaths of many children by suffocation when diptheria brought about closure of the larynx proved too sad a sight for him, so he tried to find something to keep the larynx open. He used a wire spring and ex- perimented with a small bivalve speculum but to no purpose. The inflamed mucous membrane and false membrane forced themselves into the interstices and the difficulty of breathing returned. Besides, the pressure produced ulceration. Finally he tried a tube. The use of a tube for intubation had often been at- tempted but unsuccessfully. O'Dwyer succeeded in devising tlic form of tube that would remain and then ingeniously fashioned instruments for the placing and displacing of the tube. After a dozen years of diligent study this method of relieving difficulty of breathing proved successful. Most of his medical colleagues were sure that O'Dwyer's scheme was visionary. Be-