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 NACCHIANTE

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NAGASAKI

the exiles to Babylon or to remain in Jerusalem, and appointing one of the Prophet's friends, Godolias, to the governorship of Jerusalem; he granted likewise such a share of freedom to the exiled Jews that some rose to a position of prominence at Court and Baruch thought it a duty to exhort his fellow-countrymen to have the welfare of Babylon at heart and to pray for her king. Babylonian tradition has it that towards the end of his life, Nabuchodonosor, inspired from on high, prophesied the impending ruin to the Chaldean Empire (Berosus and Abydenus in Eusebius, " Pra'p. Evang.", IX, xli). The Book of Daniel (iv) records how God punished the pride of the great monarch. On this mysterious chastisement, which some think consisted in an attack of the madness called lycan- thropy, as well as on the interregnum which it must have caused, Babylonian annals are silent: clever hypotheses have been devised either to explain this silence, or in scanning documents in order to find in them traces of the wanted interregnum (see Oppert, "Expcdit. en M&opot." I, 1S6-187; Vigouroux, "La Bible Pt les decouvertes modernes", IV, 337). Na- buchodonosor died in Babylon between the second and sixth months of the forty-third year of his reign.

On Nabuchodonosor II see Records of the Past, l3t ser.. V, 87, 111; VII. 69, 73; XI, 92; 2nd ser.. HI, 102; V, 141; Proceedings of the Society of Bibl. Archaol., X, 87, 215, 290 sqq.; XII, 116, 159 sqq.; Schradeh-Whitehouse, The Cuneiform Inscr. and the Old Testament, II, 47-52, 115, 315 etc.; Pognon. Les inscriptions babyloniennes de Wadi-Brissa (Paris, 1888); Menant, Babylone et ta Chaldee, 197-248: Maspero, Histoire ancienne des peuples de rOrient: Les empires (Paris, 1904), 517-66, 623-13; ViaonROUX, La Bible el les decouvertes modernes (Paris, 1898), IV, 141-54, 244- 338: Pannier in Vigouroux, Z)ic(. rfe ia Bii>/e, 8. v.: Schrader, Keilinschriftliche Bibliothek, III, part ii, 10-71, 140-41; IV, 180- 201.

Chahles L. Sodvat.

Nacchiante (Naclantus), Giacomo, Dominican theologian, b. at Florence; d. at Chioggia, (5 May, 1.569; hestudied at Bologna, where Michael Ghislieri, afterwards Pius V, was his fellow-student. He sub- sequently taught philosophy and theology for a num- ber of years, in the college of St. Thomas of Minerva, Rome. Paul III, struck with his talents, made him Bishop of Chioggia (3 June, 1,544). At the Council of Trent his vigorous protest against the words of the decree of the IV Session (8 April, 154ti), which asserts that the traditions of the Church are to be received with the same reverence and piety as the Scriptures, cast some suspicions on his orthodoxy; but he gave a reverent assent to the decree, when he saw it confirmed by the authority of so great an assembly. Other serious suspicions of his orthodoxy seem afterwards to have arisen, but as Pallavicini remarks, his memory is vindicated from such charges by the grave affairs of trust which were assigned him under Pius IV. His works were published by Pictro Fratino at Venice in 1567. Among the more important are "Enarra- tiones ... in ep. D. Pauli ad Ephcsios"; "In ep. ad Romanos"; "S. Scriptura; medulla"; "Tracta- tiones XVIII theologales " ; "Theoremata meta- physica"; "Theoremata theologica".

HuRTER. Nomenclator Literarius, I, 28, 29; Qu^TlF andEchard, Script. Ord. Pr., II, 202; Stheber in Kirchenlexicon, s. v.

Edward F. Garesch^.

Nachtgall (Nachtioali,). See Luscmins, Orr- mar.

Nacolia (Nacoleia). — A titular metropolitan see in Phrygia Salutaris. This town, which took its name from the nymph Nacola, had no history in antiquity. It was there that Valens defied the usurper Procopius; under Arcadius it was occupied by a garrison of Goths who revolted against the emperor. At first depend- ent on Synnada, the see became autocephalous be- tween 787 and 862, and metropolitan between 1035 and 1066. Seven of its bishops are known, among them being Constantine, one of the chief supporters of Iconoclasm under Leo the Isaurian, who feigned to

abjure his error before the patriarch, St. Germanus, and was condemned as an heresiarch at the Second Council of Niciea (787). Nacolia is the modern vil- lage of Seyyid el-Gh&zi, chief town of Nahie, in the Villayet of Brusa, about twenty-two miles southeast of Eski Sheir. The name of the village is derived from Seyyid (Sidi) el-Battal, an Arab sheikh who was slain in 739 by the troops of Leo the Isaurian, and buried in a lekke of Bektashi dervishes founded by the mother of the Seljukian sultan, Aladdin the Great. Se\-yid el Ghdzi contains some unimportant ruins.

R.iMsAY in Journal of Hellenic Studies, III (1882), 119 sq.- Le Quien, Oriens Christ., I, 839; CuiNET, La Turquie d'Asie, IV, 213; Radet, En Phrygie (Paris, 1895), 22.

S. PsTRIDfes.

Nagasaki, Diocese op (Nagasakiensis). — Naga- saki, capital of the prefecture [ken) of the same name, is situated on a small peninsula on the south-eastern coast of the Island of Kiushiu, Japan. Its harbour, enclosed on three sides by mountains sloping down to the sea-shore and sheltered on the fourth (the en- trance) by numerous islands, is one of the safest and most important in Japan, Being the first port of en- try for vessels coming from the south and west, it is also one of the leading coaling-stations of the Far East. The principal industries of the town are the manufacture of engines and ship-building. It imports mainly cotton, coal, sugar, and petroleum; among its chief exports are coal, rice, flour, camphor, and to- bacco. In the first ten centuries of our era we find references to the town under no less than seven distinct names, of which Fukaye no Ura (Fukaye Bay) is the best known. Its present name is probably derived from a certain Nagasaki Kotaro, who, about 1185- 90, received Fukaye no Ura as his fief. Prior to the arrival of the Christian missionaries, however, Naga- saki was an insignificant village.

Although St. Francis Xavier's missonary labours in Japan were confined to the territory now included in the Diocese of Nagasaki, and the ecclesiastical history of this territory is practically identical with the early Christian history of Japan, the town of Nagasaki ap- pears not to have been visited by the missionaries until 1569. In this year Father Vilela, S.J., erected a church on the site of a pagoda which had been given him by the Christian lord of the district, and in 1571 had already made 1500 converts. In 1570 the Portu- guese began trading with Nagasaki. Yinzeyemon, the imperial governor of the province, received them kindly, and, perhaps to induce them to trade with him alone, and thus to prevent others from obtaining fire- arms, affected to favour the Christian religion. When, however, the traders and missionaries, as a safeguard against future oppression, insisted on his recognizing the ecclesiastical authority over the territory of Naga- saki, he showed great hesitation and yielded to their wishes only when they threatened to withdraw and choose some other headquarters if their request were refused. From the arrival of the foreigners dates the rapid growth of \ag:i.faki, numbers of the native mer- chants set (ling in the town in the hope of enriching themselves by furi'ign commerce. By 1587 the last traces of the Buddhist and Shinto religions had van- ished from the district, which already contained three I)rincipal churches (called by the Japanese Ki-kuwan "strange sight") and numerous chapels. To 1.587 must also be referred Hideyoshi's sudden change of attitude towards Christianity (.see Japan). Influ- enced by the bonzes' insinu;itions concerning the ulti- mate aim of themissioiuiries, he issued, during a night of orgy (24 .luly), a decree proscribing I he Christian religion and ordering (lie Jesuit. s to leave J:ipan within twenty days. Subse(|uently, however, tlii> taiko grew calmer and con.scnted (n ten fathers remaining at Nagasaki, nor did he adopt any active measures to suppress Christianity as long as outward respect was shown for his decrees.