Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 10.djvu/666

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even yet the tombs of many Sripncurs dc Bourbon can XVI assiRnod them a house on the Esquihne, near the be seen. Saint Mayeul (Majolus), second abbot of church of St. Norbert, now the chief house of the insti- Cluny, died at Souvipny in 994, and St. Odilo, third tutc.

abbot of Chmy, died there in 1049. The town of II. Missionary Society of Mount Calvary, a con- Gannat arosi- ai>i)u( an ancient abbey of Augustinians; gregation of secular priests, formed in 1633 by Hubert the town of St. I'ourijain owes its origin to the monas- Charpentier to honour the Sacred Passion and to tery founded in tlic sixth century by the slave St. spread and maintain the Faith especially in regions Poiirgain (I'ortianus) who put a stop to the devaata- under Huguenot control. The first houses were at tions of Thierry, King of Austrasia, during his cam- BcHiainiMi in the Diocese of Lescar and at Notre- paign against .\u\ergne. The preacher Jean de Lin- Dame de Ceraison in the Diocese of Auch. United gendes (irjO.'j-lCaS) and the schismatic Abb(^ Chatel, with a sinular association formed by the Capuchin, founder of the "French Catholic Church" (1795- Pcre Hyacinthe, at the instance of Louis XIII, on IS.')?), were born in the territory of the present Dio- Mont-Val(5rien near Paris, the congregation received cese of Moulins. royal confirmation in 1650. Later the pastors of

The priiK-iiial pilgrimages of the diocese are: Notre- Paris were admitted to membership, and during Holy Dame<ieSt.{!erniaindesFoss(5s; thebodyof thehermit Week pilgrimages were made from different parishes St. Patroclus (sixth centurj-) at Colom- bicr; the relics of St. Mayeul at Souvigny ; and the church of St. George at Bour- bon I'Archambault, which possesses one of the largest known fragmentsof the Holy Cro.ss, a relic given by St. liOuis to his son Robert of Cler- mont . Before the ap- plication of the Asso- ciations Law of 1901 there were Benedic- tines, Jesuits, Mar- ists, Lazarists, Re- demptorists, Mis- sionary Fathers of the Sacred Heart, and several orders of School Brothers in the Diocese of Mou- lins. At the beginning of the twentieth century the religious congregations of the diocese had charge of : 1 creche, 15 day nurseries, 2 boys' orphanages, 10 girls' orphanages, 5 industrial rooms, 1 Magdalen hospital, 6 "houses of mercy" for the relief of the poor, 13 hos- pitals or asylums, 3 houses for the care of the sick in their own homes.

In 1908 the Diocese of Moulins counted 390,812 inhabitants, 31 parishes, 281 succursal parishes, 55 clarecHheixitTOnal feast of the order, !md is now^cele vicariates. , ^^ ' ' - .*- - --

Alary, Ilistoire de ritablissement de VevSch^ de Moulins (Moulins, 1854) ; Fisquet, France pontificate, ivichis de Troycs et Moulins (Paris, 1867); Faure, Hisloire de Moulins (2 vols., Moulins, 1900) ; Mont^qut. En Bourbonnais et en Forez (Paris, 1875) ; Sept-Fons. itudes historiques but Vahbaye de Notre Dame Saint Lieu Sept Fons, by a monk of the abbey (Moulins, 1872) ; Chevalier, Topobibl., 2028.

Georges Goyau.

of Paris to Mount Valerien. The soci- ety did not survive the Revolution.

Centurione, Vita di Virginia Ccnturionc-Bra- celli (Genoa, 1873); Btrebeh in Kirchcnlex.; MoKlcHlNl, Degli istituti di pubblica carita (Rome, 18;!6), 1.33 sqq.

Florence Rudge McGahan.

Mount Cannel,

I'KAST OF Oru Lady (IF. — This feast was instituted by the Carmelites between l37(i and 1386 under the title "Commem- onil id B. IMari;e Virg. duplex" to celebrate the victory of their order over its ene- mies in obtaining the ai)probation of its name and constitution from Honorius III on 30 Jan., 1226 (see Colvenerius, "Kal. Mar.", 30 Jan., "Summa Aurea", III, 737). The feast was assigned to 16 July, because on that date in 1251, according to the Carmel- ite traditions, the scapular was given by the Blessed Virgin to St. Simon Stock; it was first approved by Sixtus V in 1587. After Cardinal Bellarminc had ex- amined the Carmelite traditions in 1609, it was de-

Lateral Facade, C.vthedral, Mouuns

Mount Calvary, Congregations of. — I. Daugh-

brated in the Carmelite calendar as a major double of the first class with a vigil and a privileged octave (like the octave of Epiphany, admitting only a double of the first class) under the title "Commemoratio so- lemnis B.M.V. de Monte Carmelo". By a privilege given by Clement X in 1672, some Carmelite monas- teries keep the feast on the Sunday after 16 July, or on some other Sunday in July. In the seventeenth cen- tury the feast was adopted by several dioceses in the

ters OF Mount Calvary, founde<l in 1619 by Virginia south of Italy, although its celebration, outside of

Centurione (d. 1651), daughter of the Doge of Genoa Carmelite churches, was prohibited in 1628 by a de-

and wifeof (iasparoGrimaldi Bracelli (d. 1625), who cree contra abusus. On 21 Nov., 1674, however, it

during a time of famine gathered a number of aban- was first granted by Clement X to Spain and its

doned children into a home, which she called Santa colonies, in 1675 to Austria, in 1679 to Portugal and

Maria del Refugio dei Tribolati in Monte Calvario. its colonies, and in 1725 to the Papal States of the

Under her inspiration those associated with her in the Church, on 24 Sept., 1726, it was extended to the

work decided to leail a common life, follow the rule of entire Latin Church by Benedict XIII. The lessons

St. Francis, and pledge themselves to the service of contain the legend of the sftapular (q. v.); the promise

the poor and sick. They boimd themselves, however, of the Sabbatine privilege was inserted into the les-

by no vows, but by a solemn promise of perseverance, sons by Paul \ alxiut 1614. The Greeks of southern

Among the promiiumt Genoese who promoted the Italy and the Catholic Chaldeans have aaopted this

work of the sisters was the Marquess Emmanuele feast of the "Vestment of the Bl. Virgin Mary"

Brignole, through whose munificence a second house (Nilles, "Kal. Man.", II, 548, 665). The object of

was founded, in 1641, after which the sisters were the feast is the special predilection of Mary for those

often called "le snore Brignole". The congregation who profess themselves her servants by wearing her

won spread through northern Italy. In 1815 Pius scapular (see Carmelites).

VII invited the sisters to Rome, and in 1833 Gregory Holweck, Fasti Mariani (Preiburg, 1892); Colvenebids,