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Rh ANDREA 470 ANDRES living at Vallucola. Many visions were vouchsafed him, and he wortccd a great many duly authenticated miracles. After long years of preaching, he retired into a hermitage and renewed his penances, and died there. He was buried in a church of his native town. Pius VH authorized his cult. Annul. Ord. Serv. B. M. ViTg. (Florence, 1729); I, i, 4; Soulier, Vie de iSt. Philippe Beniti (Paris, ISSO; tr. London, 1886). Augustine McGinnis. Andrea Pisano, or da Pisa (the name by which Andrea da Pontadera is known), an Italian sculptor and architect, b. 1270; d. 1349. He was a pupil of Giovanni Pisano, and first learned the trade of a goldsmith, which was of benefit to him in his later work. He is said to have helped his master on the sculpture for St. Maria della Spina, in Pisa, and to have worked on St. Mark's and the Doge's palace, at Venice, before he went to Florence. Here he acliieved the one work indisputably his; the first of the three bronze doors for the baptistery of the Duomo at Florence, the one on the south side. He spent years on it before it was finally .set up in 1336. The date 1330 on the door refers to the wax model and not to the casting. The door has a number of quatrefoil panels, eight containing only a single figure, while the others have scenes from the life of St. John the Baptist. Pisano's mature style was due to the influence of Giotto. After Giotto died, Pisano built two stories of niches above Giotto's work on the Campanile, quite possibly from Giotto's designs. From 1347 to 1349 he was chief architect of the duomo of Orvieto, which was designed and begun by Lorenzo Maitani Andrea Pisano had two sons, Nino and Tommaso, who were also sculptors, but his most distinguished pupil was Andrea da Clone, who is known as Orcagna. Lasinio, Le tre parte del Batiatero; Reymond, La Sculpture Florentine. John J. a' Becket. Andreas I, King of Hungary. See Hungary. Andreas of Ratisbon, or Regensburg, historian of the later fourteenth and earlier fifteenth century. All that is known concerning him is gathered from the scanty particulars given in his works. He was ordained priest at Eichstiitt in 140,5, and joined the Canons Regular of St. Augustine at Ratisbon in 1410, where he devoted himself to historical studies. His principal works are " De statu urbis Ratisbon. an- tiquo et de variis Hseresibus ", the " Chronicon Generale", and the "Chronicon de Ducibus Bava- riae", to 1439, which gained him the title of the "Bavarian Livy", and which he afterwards trans- lated into German, and continued to 1452. He is the principal forerunner of the famous Bavarian his- toriographer, Aventinus. HuRTER, Nomniclator, IV, 701; LoRENZ, Deulschlands Ge- echicktsquellen (Berlin, 1886); Stamminger in Kirchenlex. Francis W. Grey. Andreis, Felix De, first superior of the Congre- gation of the Mis.sion (Lazarists) in the United States and Vicar-General of upper Louisiana, b. at Demonte, in Piedmont, Italy, 13 December, 1778; d. at St. Louis, Missouri, U. S., 15 October, 1820. After making his preparatory studies in his native place he entered the novitiate of the Congregation of the Mission, at Mondovi, 1 November, 1797, and was ordained priest at Piacenza, 14 August, 1801. When only four years a priest he conducted the retreats for those about to be ordained. His constitution was not robust and in 1806 he was sent to Monte Citorio, the hou.se of the Congregation in Rome that seemed least likely to be affected by the rigorous religious persecutions of the time, which for a while drove Pius VII from Rome. Here Father De Andreis was constantly engaged from 1810 to 1815 in giving missions, and retreats for the clergy or the Very Rev. Felix De Andreis, C. M. seminarists. He also gave many missions in the suburbs of the city. When the religious houses in Rome were suppressed, the Propaganda students attended his lectures on theology. It was no unusual thing for him to preach four times a day on different subjects. In view of later events, it is worthy of reflec- tion that Father De Andreis at this time received such a convic- tion that he was destined to a mission involv- ing the need of English that he resolutely mas- tered that lan- guage. In 1815 Feather Dubourg, Apostolic Admin- istrator of the Diocese of Louis- iana (which tlicn e.xtended along both sitles of the Mississippi from the Gulf of Mexico to the Canadian Lakes) ar- rived in Rome to secure priests for that immense vineyard. As soon as he knew of Father De An- dreis he applied to Father Sicardi, his superior, to let him go to Louisiana, and when the latter declaretl it impossible, as his place could not be filled, he exposed the situation to Pius VII, who appointed the young priest to this mission. In company with five others, Father De. dreis em- barked from France, 12 June, 1816, and reached Baltimore, 26 July. They remained there at St. Mary's Seminary, as guests of Father BrutS until 3 September, and then started on a tedious journey to the west arriving at Louisville, 19 November, where at Bishop FTaget's suggestion they remained in his seminary of St. Thomas at Bardstown until Bishop Dubourg should arrive. Father De Andreis taught theology and laboured at improving his English. Bishop Dubourg reached there with tliirty priests, 29 December, 1817, and they went to St. Louis in 1818. There the Congregation had its first establishment. Father De Andreis had charge of two schools, one for religious students, another for seculars, established by Bishop Dubourg. Land for a seminary was given at " The Barrens ", a colony eighty miles south of St. Louis, in Perry County, and when the bishop allowed liis residence to be used for a novitiate, Father De Andreis became master of novices. Exhausted by the hardships of missionary work, he died, after a short life of forty- two years, greatly esteemed for sanctity. The proc- ess of his canonization, begun in St. Louis in 1900, was completed in August, 1902, when the evidence was presented to the Congregation of Rites, at Rome. HosATl. Life of Ihe Veru Her. Felix De Andreis, CM. (St. Louis, 1900). John J. a' Becket. Andres, Juan, a Spanish canonist, b. at Xativa, or San Felipe, in Valencia. Of Moorish extraction, he became a Christian in 1587 and entered the priest- hood. On the fall of Granada Ferdinand the Catholic invited him to labour in that city for the conversion of the Moors. He wrote a translation in Spanish of the Koran and a work entitled "Confu- sion de la secta mahoinctana" (Seville, 1537). It is a work frequently quoted against Mohammedan- ism. The English version is by Joshua Notstock (London, 1652). According to Fuster, Andres