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Rh ANDERSON 467 ANDERTON rontrary to the law of England, was tried and con- domncu to deatli at the Old bailey, in 1679 or IbSO, by the notorious Scroggs. He was pardoned by Charles II, after undergoing a year's iiiipritionnient in Newgate, and was exiled for life. In lCS(i, after a visit to the Holy Land, he returned to England with a free pardon from James II, fled with that king to the Continent in lOSS, returned again to England in 1G98, and died at the patriarchal age of 91. CiiLLow, Bibt. Diet, of Enol. Calholict, I, 29; Paluer, Obituary Noticte of Dominicans. Thom.^ J. Shahax. Anderson, Patrick, a Scotch Jesuit, b. at Elgin in Morayshire in 1.575; el. in London, 24 September, 1024. He was the nephew of Dr. John Leslie, Bishop of Ko.ss, a faithful adiicrent of Mary t^ueen of Scots, and her ambassador at the French Court. After completing his education at the University of Edin- burgli, he entered the Society of Jesus at Rome, in 1,597, and in due time acquired a reputation as a linguist, mathematician, lihilosopher, and divine. In l(iU9 he was appointed to the Scotch mi.ssion, where his labours were highly successful and his hairbreadth escapes from the pursuivants truly marvellous. He left Scotland for Paris to meet his superior, Father James Gordon, late in 1611. Father Antlerson un- dertook to supply the great dearth of missionaries in his native countrj' by collecting nearlj' one hundred youths in Scotland, all of them most eager to serve (!od and the Church. In 1615 he became the first Jesuit Rector of the Scots College in Rome, founded fifteen years before by Pope Clement 'III. Return- ing to Scotlanil he was soon after betrayed by a pretended Catholic, and committed to the Tolbooth jail, Edinburgh, where, in the daily expectation of torture and death, he displayed the heroic intrepidity of a true martyr. He was finally set at liberty on the petition, it is supposed, of the French Ambassa- dor, who requested to have him for his confessor. Father Anderson has left us some valuable and interestmg letters relating to his missionary labours in Scotland; these letters may be found in part in the London ".Month" for I)cceml>er, 1876. No one w:is l)ctter f|ualified to bear witness to the state of the Church in Scotland during the reign of James the First. In 162.3 he published "The Ground of the Catholicke and Roman Religion in the Word of God ", a work which shows that he had carefully studied the scriptural argument for the Catholic Faith. While imprisoned in Edinburgh he also compiled the "Memoirs of the Scotch Saints" formerly in manuscript at the Scots College in Paris. Lfltrra of Fathrr Patrick .Arulrrton, lGll-20. in loiters and A'o/icr» (Uochaniplon. -Nov., lS(i7). 98-M9: Oi.ivkr. Co/frrti'orn ioKcardn xtlitatratina the fiioffraphy of the Scotch. EnoUih and Irith Mrml-crt of the Societu of Jcius (I-omlon. 1S45); FoRBfks- I.KITII. Sarrntivea of Scottish Catholics under Mary Stuart ami J.imes 17 (new etl.. Lonilon. 1S.S91. pp. 317-340; J. F. S. Gor- don. The Catholic Church in Scottaml (1874), SKJ. 517; Diction- ary of National liioijraphy, V; Catholic Directory (1S5.5). Edwahd p. Spillane. Anderson, William. Sec Richardson-, Willi.am. Anderton, Jamks, an English Catholic, b. 1557; d. lOls. He belonged to the well-known Catholic family of Loslock Hall, Lancashire, and inherited extensive estates there from his parents, Christopher and Dorothy . derton. In 15S2 he married Mar- garet, daugliter of Edward Tyldesley of Tyldesley and Morleys, and, following his father's profession of the law, succeeded him in 1.592 jis Prothonotary of the Duchy Court at Lancaster. Both his mother and wife remaine' Holland, S.J., makes the erroneous statement thai James Anderton, under the pseudonym "John Bren- ley, priest", was the author of a valuable work entitled "The Protestant's Apologie ", an assertion that has been accepted generally. It hiis been shown, however, that the works of "John Brereley. priest", were from the pen of Father Lawrence An- derton, S.J., a nephew of James, who. however, is thought to iiave slieltered the press with which the work was printed. UiLLow, liibl. Diet, of English Catholics. Thom.s Walsh. Anderton, Robert, Venerable, an English priest and martyr, b. in the Isle of Wight about 1.560; d. 25 .pril, 15.S6. He matriculated at Brasenose College, Oxford, in 1578. He afterwards went abroad, was converted, and then entered the college} at Reims in 1.580. It was there that he and .Mars- den began that companionship which was not broken even in death. Having completed their course, they set sail for England, but were overwhelmed in :i storm. They prayed that they might die on land rather than on sea, and their prayer was grante<l. Driven ashore, they were at once seized and shortly after tried and condemned. They now pleaded thai they had not tran.sgres.sed the statute, as they had been cast on shore perforce. This led to their being summoned to London, where they were examined upon the celebrated "bloody question", whether they would fight against the Pope, even if tlic quarrel were for purely religious causes. Though they ac- knowledged Elizabeth as their lawful queen in all temporal matters, they would not consent to the required test. The sentence was then confirmed, and a proclamation was published explaining their guilt. They were taken back and executed near the place where they had l)een cast ashore, being hanged, drawn, and quartered. CnALLONFR. Memoirs; Pollen, .cts of English Martyrs (18911, 60-82. Patrick Ryax. Anderton, Roger, a Catholic lajTtian, son of Christopher Anderton of Lostock, brother of James and uncle of Lawrence Anderton. His name often appears on the Recusant Rolls of Lancaster, and of his numerous family four became nuns. For a long time it w;is customary to attribute to him the au- thorship of the works written by his nephew Law- rence, under the name of "John Brereley, priest" and by other hands, although they seem to have been merely edited by him, and printed at a secret press maintained and protected by different mem- bers of the Anderton family. A list of these publi- cations is among the Blundell of Crosby MS.S. Roger Anderton is thought to have re-established this press at Birchley after the inquisition post- mortem of James Anderton of Lostock and the seizure of his books. He is said to have died in 1640. GiLLOW, Biographical Diet, of Engl. Catholics. Thosias Walsh. Anderton, Thomas, an English Benedictine, b. in Lancashire in 1611; d. 9 Octolxjr, 1671. He was the sixth son of William Anderton, F,.sq., of Euxton. Lancaster, and Isaliol, daughter of William Hancock of Pendle Hall, Lower Highani, Lancaster. Both his parents remained faithful to the Church in spite of persecution. Thomas made his profession in 1630, at the Benedictine monastery of St. Edmund, in Paris, and in 1636 was ordained priest, and successively became Novice-Master, .SulvPrior, and, in 1640, I'rior of St. Edmund's. In 1641 he was Definitor, and in 1657 secretary to the chapter. From 1661 to 1666 he was Prior of St. Benedict's