Page:Cambridge Modern History Volume 1.djvu/15

 Contents. XI PAGE Freedom in the New World. Rome in the New World .... 60 Papal grants to the Spanish Crowns in the New World .... 61 Jesuits in the New World. Francis Bacon ...... 62 New physical and anthropological speculation 63 Prospects of European civilisation in America 64 Added width of intellectual scope 65 Forecast of Anglo-Saxon supremacy in the New World .... 66 CHAPTER III. THE OTTOMAN CONQUEST. By J. B. BURY, Litt.D., LL.D., Regius Professor of Modern History. Establishment of the Ottoman Turks in Europe, 1358 .... 67 Fall of Constantinople, 1453. Policy of Mohammad II. Servia. Hungary. Genoa. Venice ........... 68 John Hunyady crosses the Danube, 1454. Belgrade besieged, 1456 ; relieved by Hunyady. John of Capistrano 69 Death of Hunyady, 1456. Accession of M. Corvinus, 1458. Servia over- come, 1458. George Castriotes in Albania 70 Acknowledged, 1463. Successes of Scanderbeg; his death, 1467. Bosnia. The Bogomils. Herzegovina ........ 71 Semendra surrenders to Mohammad. Danger of Bosnia .... 72 Bosnia subdued. Corvinus intervenes ; is forced to retreat. Herzegovina reduced, 1483. Ragusa and Montenegro 73 Ivan the Black of Montenegro. Conquest of Greece. Thomas and Demetrius in the Peloponnese 74 Devastation and conquest of the Morea. Venetian strongholds. . 75 War with Venice, 1463. Disunion of Europe. Aeneas Sylvius. . 76 Crusade projects, 1454-. Calixtus III 77 Pius II. Comneni at Trebizond ; subdued, 1461 78 Muster of Crusaders at Ancona. Death of Pius, 1464. Venetian War. Turks capture Negroponte, 1470 79 Sixtus IV. Mocenigo's naval exploits. Albania. Siege of Scodra. Reduc- tion of Kroja. Second siege of Scodra 80 Venice makes peace, 1479. Advance of the Muslims. Capture of Otranto, 1480 81 Conquests in Asia Minor, 1463-. Collision with Turcomans, 1471-. Vlad IV in Wallachia, 1456. Turkish tribute refused ... 82 VLad expelled by the Turks. Moldavia. Stephen the Great, 1457 ; asserts authority in Wallachia ; victory over Turks, at Racova, 1475. Genoese expeUed from the Crimea by Turks, 1475 83 Vain struggles of Stephen; his death, 1504. Submission of Moldavia, 1512. Turks attack Rhodes, 1480; failure. Death of Mohammad, 1481 84 Bayazid, and Jem. Jem flies to Cairo, to Rhodes 85 Rhodes makes peace. Jem in France; at Rome, 1489. Negotiations with Bayazid. ,< .. .*.... : 86