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dozen warriors, among them Steamboat Frank, Sliacknasty Jim, Bogus Charley, and Hooker Jim.

The band proved to be mainly Cottonwood Creek Indians, who under accumulating reverses had tired of danger and hardships. Not content with abandoning their comrades, the above leading spirits actually volunteered to aid in capturing Jack, who with twenty braves had pushed eastward to Willow creek. Guided by these renegades, captains Jackson and Hasbrouck came so close upon the fugitives that several of their squaws were secured. After being pursued to Langell valley, half their number surrendered, including Scarface Charley Jack availed himself of the parley to hasten away, only to be intercepted by a detachment under Captain Perry, to whom he gave himself up on June 1st together with a few followers. Nearly all the remainder were oathered in durino; the following three days. Thus ended the six months' campaign of the Modocs, which cost the government one third of a million in dollars, exclusive of pay and equipment of troops, and a casualty of one hundred soldiers, killed and wounded, not counting hapless settlers and their heavy losses in property. Of the eighty warriors wdio started the war, fifty survi\?ed, with over a hundred women and children.

General Davis was ordered to try the captives by court-martial, regardless of the demand by Oregon for the surrender of certain murderers among them to her civil authorities for trial. Meanwhile a band of Hot Creek Indians, under transmission to Boyle's camp, were attacked by masked men and four of them shot. No investigation followed this cowardly deed. The court-martial, which sat between the 5th and 9th of July, condemned to death Captain Jack, Boston Charley, Sconchin, Black Jim, Watch-in-tate, and Sloluck. The sentence of the last two was commuted to imprisonment for life at Alcatraz, where they died; the other four expiated their crimes on October 3d, at Fort Klamath. The renegades who had assisted