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own views and opinions of the subject as a final report. In pursuance of which agreement I submit the following opinions: 1st. The causes leading to the war were the dissatisfaction of Captain Jack's band of Modocs with the provisions and execution of the treaty of October 14, 1864, and refusal to abide thereby. To what extent wrongs justified resistance, the commission, having no power judicially to investigate, cannot say. 2d. The immediate cause of hostilities was resistance by the Indians to military coercion. 3d. Unconditional surrender of the Indians, and the trial and punishment of the guilty by the civil authorities, would have been more satisfactory to the whites, and a better example to the Indians, than more lenient conditions. 4th. Terms of surrender were ofifered the Indians to save the further effusion of blood, and secure a permanent peace by the removal of the whole tribe out of the country ; a result scarcely to be hoped for by continued hostilities. 5th. The terms agreed to by the commission were suggested and must be carried into efiect by the military. A commission to negotiate a peace was therefore unnecessary. 6th. A commission to inquire into the causes of the war should be composed of men wholly disinterested in the findings of the commission, directly or indirectly, and clothed with full power to investigate. 7th. Some of the personnel of this commission being obnoxious to the Indians, it was a hindrance to negotiations. Having no power to administer oaths, or send for persons or papers, and the official acts of the chairman to be reviewed, its findings must have been imperfect and unsatisfactory in regard to the causes of the war. I therefore consider the commission an expensive blunder." Mr Applegate's compensation had been fixed at ten dollars a day, and expenses; but with that chivalrous independence which ever characterized the man though accepting the service he declined the pay.

From the 6th of March, it might be said that no