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taken part in the war against the Modocs. The Klamaths themselves would object to having the reservation made a penal colony for thieves, with whom they were expected to live on terms of equality. The objections to a general amnesty were founded upon the history of the Modoc rebellion from first to last, culminating in resistance to United States authority, and the slaughter of settlers. To the report of- the commissionei'S Canby gave his approval, with the exception that he held the opinion that the Indians by surrendering as prisoners of war would be exempt from process and trial in either Oregon or California. From this opinion Roseborough dissented, but thought neither state would attempt to punish the wai-riors if satisfied they would be removed to some distant country beyond the possibility of a return. This was so far as the people of California were concerned, who seemed to have more S3aiipathy for the Modocs than for the suffering settlers. But the people of southern Oregon were extremely sensitive on the subject of a general amnesty, and expressed themselves in a manner that was construed by the Modoc apologists to mean general bloodthirstiness on their side. It is not unlikely that representations to that effect found their way to Washington through other avenues than the California newspapers, and that the secretary of the interior feared the effect of such utterances upon the members of the commission ; hence the authority given to Canby to select two other commissioners to fill the places of Applegate and Case, resigned. That Applegate would have resigned had not his relatives been impugned by the allegations of Captain Jack, into which inquiry was ordered to be made, is rendered probable by his separate report made on the 9th of March.

" The commission appointed to examine into the causes and bring to a conclusion the Modoc war, having concluded its labors," writes Jesse Applegate, " it was agreed that each member should submit his