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 tendent, with a salary of $1,200 a year, and having for liis assistants four guards of his own appointing and removing, one of whom was called deputy superintendent, and acted as chief in the absence of the marshal. The salaries of the assistants were $1,000 a year each; the physician was paid by fees. All expenses were paid monthly on vouchers mailed to the attorney -general with an explanatory letter.

Alaska has had few prison facilities to speak of. Under the Russian regime, malefactors were confined at the forts. For a time after American occupation the only civil rule was the local municipal government of Sitka, and that was maintained without authority of law.

Under an act of congress in 1853, A. W. Babbitt, then secretary of the territory, was authorized to expend $20,000 in building a penitentiary for Utah. The building was placed in what was then known as the Big Field Survey, made under the provisional laws of the state of Deseret. The building was completed in 1854; Daniel Caru was elected warden, and Wilford Woodruff, Albert P. Rockwood, and Samuel R. Richards inspectors.

There was in prison an average of nine prisoners for some time, many coming and going, and but few serving out their term. These new villains cost the new territory about five thousand dollars a year. They could have been hanged immediately after conviction for less money. As the years went by, and the general government failing in its appropriations, the buildings became somewhat dilapidated, and there were several escapes.

Prior to July, 1875, Arizona had no prison. The judge in sentencing criminals named some county jail as their place of confinement, and of such prisoners the sheriffs of the respective counties had charge. No state convict up to this time had ever served bis full term, but always escaped. In 1875 the legislature passed a law locating the prison at Yuma, and