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Carr), op. cit., pp. 52-56; "Origin of the Trouble between the Yumas and Glanton" (deposition of Jeremiah Hill), op. cit., pp. 57-62.

Bascom Ashbnry Cecil-Stevens, "A Biographical Sketch of L. J. F. laeger," Annual Publications of the Historical Society of Southern California, I (1889), 38. Louis John Frederick Jaeger (spelled also Yaeger and laeger) was born at Hamburg, Pennsylvania, in 1824. He came to California, via Cape Horn, in 1849. Members of the party organized to operate the ferry, as he recalled them, were: George A. Johnson and B. M. Hartshorne, later of the Steam Navigation Company, William Blake, and Dr. Minton, Captain Ankrim, Mr. Tough, Mr. Moses, Captain Ogden, Mr. Anderson, Mr. Potter, and Mr. Heinzelwood, whose first names he did not recall.

Edward D. Tuttle, in "The River Colorado," Arizona Historical Review, I (1928), 51, mentions Benjamin Hartshorne, George A. Johnson, Dr. Ogden, Ankrim, Minturn, Blake, Taffe, Moses, and Archibald.

George William Beattie, "The Diary of a Ferryman and Trader at Fort Yuma, 1855-1857," Annual Publications of the Historical Society of Southern California, XIV, Pt. II (1929), 224. The above sum is obtained by using 12V2<^ as the ferry rate. The information was taken from a record, purportedly that of Jaeger, found in 191 3 at Agua Mansa, California, where he spent his last years. This record is a brief daily account of happenings at the ferry during a two-year period from December i, 1855, to July 2, 1857.

A member of the company, Thomas William Sweeny, kept a journal in which he recorded important events at the fort between 1850 and 1853. He states: "We struck the Rio Colorado ... on the ist of December [1850], and after following it up for some ten or twelve miles we pitched our tents and called our position Camp Yuma, in honor of the tribe of Indians who inhabit the surrounding country. We subsequently moved to a hill a mile farther up, opposite the mouth of the Gila River . . ." On December 6, a year later, when the post was abandoned. Sweeny refers to it as Camp Independence. When the troops returned to the Colorado in February 1852, the post was probably moved to a third location and renamed Fort Yuma, for on March 12, 1853, Sweeny records: "The Colorado Ferry has moved down to within a half a mile of my old camp— 'Independence—and about six miles from here." See Thomas William Sweeny, "Military Occupation of California, 1849-1853," Journal of the Military Service Institution of the United States, XL VI (1909), 97-117 and 267-89.

In his report of July 15, 1853, Major Heintzelman said: "Fort Yuma was established by three small companies of the second infantry, under my command, in November, 1850." 34th Cong., 3d sess., H. Exec. Doc. 76 (1856-57), p. 34.

3 2d Cong., I st sess., S. Exec. Doc. 81 (185i),p. 2.

Ibid., p. 20. See also George H. Derby, Topographical Reports (San Francisco: California Historical Society, 1933), pp. 61-62. The San Francisco Alta California, April 26, 1852, describes the Invincible as a naval vessel with a keel measuring 225 feet, beam of 42 feet, draft of 20 feet when loaded, and a capacity of 1,768 tons.

San Diego Herald, June 26, 1851.

Sweeny returned to the Gila with Heintzelman's command in March 1852. Sweeny, op. cit.

The Yuma Indians are said to have numbered 972 in October 1852. Bancroft, op. cit., p. 489.

George Alonzo Johnson, "The Steamer General Jesup," Quarterly of the Society of California Pioneers, IX (June 1932), no.

The San Diego Herald, January 24, 1852, records: "The Sierra Nevada . . . will go to sea this afternoon, in case the tide serves." See also the San Diego Herald, January 28, 1852.