Page:CLL v1.1.pdf/73

4.15 Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu #   reflecting 1985 number-of-speakers data. A few gismu were made much later using updated weights: (English and Hindi switched places due to demographic changes.) 

Note that the stressed vowel of the gismu was considered sufficiently distinctive that two or more gismu may differ only in this vowel; as an extreme example, bradi, bredi, bridi, and brodi (but fortunately not brudi) are all existing gismu.

4.15 Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu
The following gismu were not made by the gismu creation algorithm. They are, in effect, coined words similar to fu'ivla. They are exceptions to the otherwise mandatory gismu creation algorithm where there was sufficient justification for such exceptions. Except for the small metric prefixes and the assignable predicates beginning with brod-, they all end in the letter o, which is otherwise a rare letter in Lojban gismu.

The following gismu represent concepts that are sufficiently unique to Lojban that they were either coined from combining forms of other gismu, or else made up out of whole cloth. These gismu are thus conceptually similar to lujvo even though they are only five letters long; however, unlike lujvo, they have rafsi assigned to them for use in building more complex lujvo. Assigning gismu to these concepts helps to keep the resulting lujvo reasonably short.


 * {| class="wikitable"

|- | broda | 1st assignable predicate |- | brode | 2nd assignable predicate |- | brodi | 3rd assignable predicate |- | brodo | 4th assignable predicate |- | brodu | 5th assignable predicate |- | cmavo | structure word (from cmalu valsi) |- | lojbo | Lojbanic (from logji bangu) |- | lujvo | compound word (from pluja valsi) |- | mekso | Mathematical EXpression |}

It is important to understand that even though cmavo, lojbo, and lujvo were made up from parts of other gismu, they are now full-fledged gismu used in exactly the same way as all other gismu, both in grammar and in word formation.

The following three groups of gismu represent concepts drawn from the international language of science and mathematics. They are used for concepts that are represented in most languages by a root which is recognized internationally.

Small metric prefixes (values less than 1):


 * {| class="wikitable"

|- | decti | .1 | deci |- | centi | .01 | centi |- | milti | .001 | milli |- | mikri | 10-6 | micro |- | nanvi | 10-9 | nano |}