Page:CLL v1.1.pdf/63

4.8 cmene Here are some fu'ivla representing cultures and related things, shown with more than one rafsi prefix:


 * Example 4.52
 * bang,r,blgaria
 * Bulgarian (in language)


 * Example 4.53
 * kuln,r,blgaria
 * Bulgarian (in culture)


 * Example 4.54
 * gugd,r,blgaria
 * Bulgaria (the country)


 * Example 4.55
 * bang,r,kore,a
 * Korean (the language)


 * Example 4.56
 * kuln,r,kore,a
 * Korean (the culture)

Note the commas in Example 4.55 (p. 63) and Example 4.56 (p. 63), used because ea is not a valid diphthong in Lojban. Arguably, some form of the native name “Chosen” should have been used instead of the internationally known “Korea”; this is a recurring problem in all borrowings. In general, it is better to use the native name unless using it will severely impede understanding: “Navajo” is far more widely known than “Dine'e”.

4.8 cmene
Lojbanized names, called cmene, are very much like their counterparts in other languages. They are labels applied to things (or people) to stand for them in descriptions or in direct address. They may convey meaning in themselves, but do not necessarily do so.

Because names are often highly personal and individual, Lojban attempts to allow native language names to be used with a minimum of modification. The requirement that the Lojban speech stream be unambiguously analyzable, however, means that most names must be modified somewhat when they are Lojbanized. Here are a few examples of English names and possible Lojban equivalents:


 * Example 4.57
 * djim.
 * Jim


 * Example 4.58
 * djein.
 * Jane


 * Example 4.59
 * .arnold.
 * Arnold


 * Example 4.60
 * pit.
 * Pete


 * Example 4.61
 * katrinas.
 * Katrina