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CUBA (Continued) Budget: $13.4 billion (1980)

Monetary conversion rate: 1 peso=US$1.41 (nominal; 1980)

Fiscal year: calendar year

COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 14,725 km total, government owned; 5,070 km common-carrier lines of which 4,990 km standard gauge (1.435 m), 80 km 0.914-meter gauge; about 9,655 km plantation/industrial lines, 6,455 km standard gauge (1.435 m), 3,200 km narrow gauge

Highways: 21,000 km total; 9,000 km paved, 12,000 km gravel and earth surfaced

Inland waterways: 240 km

Pipelines: natural gas, 80 km

Ports: 8 major (including US Naval Base at Guantanamo), 44 minor

Civil air: 48 major transport aircraft, including 2 leased in

Airfields: 202 total, 195 usable; 58 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runways over 3,659 m, 8 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 23 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: eligible 15-49, 5,079,000; of the 2,575,000 males 15-49, 1,621,000 are fit for military service; 120,000 males and 114,000 females reach military age (17) annually

Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1981, $1,112 billion; about 7,5% of total budget 

LAND
9,251 km$2$; 47% arable and land under permanent crops, 18% forested, 10% meadows and pasture, 25% waste, urban areas, and other

WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 nm

Coastline: approximately 648 km

PEOPLE
Population: 642,000 (July 1982), average annual growth rate 1.0%

Nationality: noun—Cypriot(s); adjective—Cypriot

Ethnic divisions: 78% Greek; 18% Turkish; 4% British, Armenian, and other

Religion: 78% Greek Orthodox, 18% Muslim, 4% Maronite, Armenian, Apostolic, and other

Language: Greek, Turkish, English

Literacy: about 89% of population 15 years or older, 99% of population aged 15-39

Greek Sector labor force: 180,700 (1980), 42% services; 33% industry; 25% agriculture; 2.1% unemployed

GOVERNMENT
Official name: Republic of Cyprus

Type: republic since August 1960; a disaggregation of the two ethnic communities inhabiting the island began after the outbreak of communal strife in 1963; this separation was further solidified following the Turkish invasion of the island in July 1974, which gave the Turkish Cypriots de facto control over the northern 37 percent of the republic; in 1975 the Turkish Cypriots declared a separate Turkish Federated State of Cyprus, although Greek Cypriots control the only internationally recognized government; negotiations, which aim at finding a mutually agreeable solution to intercommunal differences, have focused on the creation of a federal system of government

Capital: Nicosia  52