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CANADA (Continued) Imports: $59,473 million (f.o.b., 1980); principal items—transportation equipment, machinery, crude petroleum, communication equipment, textiles, steel, fabricated metals, office machines, fruits and vegetables

Major trade partners: 67% US, 11% EC, 4.4% Japan (1980)

Aid: economic—(received US, $412.8 million Ex-Im Bank, FY70-79); Canada commitments to LDCs (1970-79), bilateral ODA and OOF, $12.0 billion

Budget: total revenues $42,250 million; current expenditures $51,213 million; gross capital expenditure $1,014 million; budget deficit $9,167 million (1980; National Accounts Basis)

Monetary conversion rate: there is no designated par value for the Canadian dollar, which was allowed to float freely on the exchanges beginning 1 June 1970; since then the Canadian dollar has moved between US$0.81-1.04 in value, C$1.00=US$0.8572 (official rate, 1980 average)

Fiscal year: 1 April-31 March

COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 68,978 km total; 67,616 km standard gauge (1.435 m), 43 km electrified; 1,183 km 1.067-meter gauge (in Newfoundland); 179 km 0.914-meter gauge

Highways: 829,325 km total; 640,850 km surfaced (189,800 km paved), 188,475 km earth

Inland waterways: 3,000 km

Pipelines: oil, 23,564 km total crude and refined; natural gas, 74,980 km

Ports: 19 major, 300 minor

Civil air: 599 major transport aircraft

Airfields: 1,863 total, 1,510 usable; 358 with permanent-surface runways; 4 with runways over 3,659 m, 30 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 316 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

Telecommunications: excellent service provided by modern telecom media; 15.9 million telephones (66.6 per 100 popl.); countrywide AM, FM, and TV coverage including 630 AM, 80 FM, and 500 TV stations; 8 coaxial submarine cables; 2 satellite stations with total of 5 antennas and 70 domestic satellite stations

DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 6,694,000; 5,744,000 fit for military service; 202,000 reach military age (17) annually  

LAND
4,040 km$2$, divided among 10 islands and several islets

WATER
Limits of territorial waters: 12 nm (fishing 200 nm, economic 200 nm)

Coastline: 965 km

PEOPLE
Population: 293,000 (July 1982), average annual growth rate 0.6%

Nationality: noun—Cape Verdean(s); adjective—Cape Verdean

Ethnic divisions: about 71% mulatto; 28% African; 1% European

Religion: Catholicism, fused with local superstitions

Language: Portuguese and Crioulo, a blend of Portuguese and West African words

Literacy: 37%

Labor force: bulk of population engaged in subsistence agriculture

GOVERNMENT
Official name: Republic of Cape Verde

National holiday: 12 September

Type: republic; achieved independence from Portugal in July 1975

Capital: Praia

Political subdivisions: 10 islands

Legal system: to be determined

National holiday: Independence Day, 5 July

Branches: National Assembly, 56 members; the official party is the supreme political institution

Government leaders: President Aristides PEREIRA; Prime Minister Pedro P1RES; Minister of Foreign Affairs Silvino da LUZ

Suffrage: universal over age 15  37