Page:CIA World Factbook(1982).djvu/33

BAHRAIN (Continued) Communists: negligible

Member of: Arab League, FAO, G-77, GATT (de facto), GCC, IBRD, ICAO, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ISCON, ITU, NAM, OAPEC, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO

ECONOMY
GDP: $1.8 billion (1980 est.), $4,600 per capita; annual real growth rate (1973-77) 11%, dominated by oil industry; 1980 average daily crude oil production, 48,000 b/d (oil expected to last 15 years if no new discoveries are made); 1980 natural gas production, 177 billion ft$3$ ; government oil revenues for 1978 are estimated at $845 million Agriculture: produces dates, alfalfa, vegetables; dairy and poultry farming; fishing; not self-sufficient in food

Major industries: petroleum refining, aluminum smelting, ship repairing, shrimp fishing, pearls and sailmaking on a small scale; major development projects include flourmill, and ISA town; OAPEC dry dock opened in 1977

Electric power: 900,000 kW capacity (1980); 4.0 billion kWh produced (1980), 10,204 kWh per capita

Exports: $3.8 billion (f.o.b., 1980); nonoil exports (including reexports), $550.8 million (1980); oil exports, $3.3 billion (1980)

Imports: $3.6 billion (c.i.f., 1980); nonoil imports $1.6 billion (1980); oil imports $2.0 billion (1980)

Major trade partners: Saudi Arabia, UK, US, Japan, EC

Budget: (1980) $488 million current expenditure, $302 million capital

Monetary conversion rate: 1 Bahrain dinar=US$2.65 (1980)

Fiscal year: calendar year

COMMUNICATIONS
Highways: 93 km bituminous surfaced; undetermined mileage of natural surface tracks

Ports: 1 major (Bahrain)

Pipelines: crude oil, 56 km; refined products, 16 km; natural gas, 32 km

Civil air: 2 major transport aircraft

Airfields: 2 total, 2 usable; 1 with permanent-surface runway; 1 with runways over 3,660 m; 1 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

Telecommunications: excellent international telecommunications; limited domestic services; 38,300 telephones (14.2 per 100 popl.); 2 AM stations, 1 FM station, and 1 TV station; 1 Indian Ocean satellite station; tropospheric scatter and microwave to Qatar and United Arab Emirates

DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 106,000; 61,000 fit for military service

Supply: from several West European countries, especially France and UK

Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1979, $87.8 million; 11% of central government budget  

LAND
142,500 km$2$ ; 66% arable (including cultivated and fallow), 18% not available for cultivation, 16% forested

Land boundaries: 2,535 km

WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 nm (economic including fishing 200 nm)

Coastline: 580 km

PEOPLE
Population: 93,040,000 (July 1982), average annual growth rate 2.6%

Nationality: noun—Bangladeshi(s); adjective—Bangladesh

Ethnic divisions: predominantly Bengali; fewer than one million "Biharis" and fewer than one million tribals

Religion: 85% Muslim, about 12% Hindu, less than 1% Buddhist, Christian, or other

Language: Bengali

Literacy: 24.3% (1979-80)

Labor force: 30.7 million; extensive export of labor to Saudi Arabia, UAE, Oman, and Kuwait; 80% of labor force is in agriculture, 15% services, 11% industry (FY79)

GOVERNMENT
Official name: People's Republic of Bangladesh

Type: independent republic since December 1971; Government of President Sheikh Mujibur Rahman overthrown in August 1975; two other coups followed; after four years of martial law rule, presidential elections were held in June 1978 and a new parliament was elected in February 1979; President Ziaur Rahman assassinated in failed military coup on 30 May 1981; former Vice President Justice Abdus Sattar became President in election on 15 November 1981; martial law imposed 24 March 1982; government dissolved

Capital: Dacca 