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TONGA (Continued) Suffrage: granted to all literate adults over 21 years of age who pay taxes

Elections: held every three years, last in April 1978

Communists: none known

Member of: ADB, Commonwealth, ESCAP, South Pacific Bureau for Economic Cooperation, South Pacific Bureau Forum

ECONOMY
GNP: $34.2 million (1976), $370 per capita

Agriculture: largely dominated by coconut and banana production with subsistence crops of taro, yams, sweet potatoes, and bread fruit

Electric power: 4,100 kW capacity (1980); 8 million kWh produced (1980), 87 kWh per capita

Exports: $5.6 million (1978); 65% copra, 7% coconut products, 8% bananas

Imports: $12.4 million (1978); food, machinery, and petroleum

Major trade partners: (FY74) exports—25% Netherlands, 22% Australia, 20% New Zealand, 11% Norway; imports—63% New Zealand and Australia

Aid: economic aid commitments—Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF (1970-79), $57 million

Budget: (FY77) $10 million

Monetary conversion rate: 1 Tonga dollar=US$1.11 (1979)

Fiscal year: 1 July-30 June

COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: none

Highways: 249 km total (1974); 177 km rolled stone; 72 km coral base

Ports: 2 minor

Civil air: no major transport aircraft

Airfields: 4 total, 4 usable; 1 with permanent-surface runways 1,220-2,439 m

Telecommunications: 1,285 telephones (1.4 per 100 popl.); 11,000 radio sets; no TV sets; 1 AM station; 1 ground satellite station

 

LAND
5,128 km$2$; 41.9% in farms (25.7% cropped or fallow, 1.5% pasture, 10.6% forests, and 4.1% unused or built on), 58.1% outside of farms, including grassland, forest, built-up area, and wasteland

WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 nm

Coastline: 362 km

PEOPLE
Population: 1,203,000 (July 1982), average annual growth rate 1.5%

Nationality: noun—Trinidadian(s), Tobagonian(s); adjective—Trinidadian, Tobagonian

Ethnic divisions: 43% Negro, 40% East Indian, 14% mixed, 1% white, 2% other

Religion: 26.8% Protestant, 31.2% Roman Catholic, 23.0% Hindu, 6.0% Muslim, 13.0% unknown

Language: English

Literacy: 95%

Labor force: 393,800 (July 1975), 13.5% agriculture, 20.0% mining, quarrying, and manufacturing, 17.4% commerce; 15.7% construction and utilities; 7.5% transportation and communications; 23.0% services, 2.9% other

Organized labor: 30% of labor force

GOVERNMENT
Official name: Republic of Trinidad and Tobago

Type: independent state since August 1962; in August 1976 country officially became a republic severing legal ties to British crown

Capital: Port-of-Spain

Political subdivisions: 8 counties (29 wards, Tobago is 30th)  234