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TANZANIA (Continued) External public debt and ratio: $1.2 billion, 7.3% (1979)

Budget: (1979/80) revenue $890 million, current expenditures $1,110 million, development expenditures $525 million

Monetary conversion rate: 8.1898 Tanzanian shillings=US$1 (June 1980)

Fiscal year: 1 July-30 June

Zanzibar:

GNP: $35 million (1967)

Agriculture: main crops—cloves, coconuts

Industries: agricultural processing

Electric power: see Mainland (above)

Exports: $504 million (f.o.b., 1977); cloves and clove products, coconut products

Imports: $723 million (c.i.f., 1977); mainly foodstuffs and consumer goods

Major trade partners: imports—China, Japan, and mainland Tanzania; exports—Singapore, China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, India, Pakistan

Aid: economic aid commitments from Western (non-US) countries (1970-79), ODA and OOF, $100 million; US, including Ex-Im (FY70-80), $200 million

Exchange rate: 8.00 Tanzanian shillings=US$1

Fiscal year: 1 July-30 June

COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 3,555 km total; 960 km 1.067-meter gauge; 2,595 km meter gauge (1.00 m), 6.4 km double track; 962 km Tan-Zam Railroad 1.067-meter gauge in Tanzania

Highways: total 34,227 km, 3,588 km paved; 5,529 km gravel or crushed stone; remainder improved and unimproved earth

Pipelines: 982 km crude oil

Inland waterways: 1,168 km of navigable streams; several thousand km navigable on Lakes Tanganyika, Victoria, and Malawi

Ports: 3 major (Dar es Salaam, Mtwara, Tanga)

Civil air: 11 major transport aircraft

Airfields: 95 total, 88 usable; 10 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runway 2,440-3,659 m, 45 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

Telecommunications: fair system of open wire, radio relay, and troposcatter; 88,700 telephones (0.5 per 100 popl.); 5 AM and no FM stations, 1 TV station; 1 Indian Ocean satellite station

DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 4,220,000; 2,421,000 fit for military service

Military budget: for fiscal year ending 30 June 1981, $179 million; 9% of central government budget

 

LAND
514,820 km$2$; 24% in farms, 56% forested, 20% other

Land boundaries: 4,868 km

WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 nm (fishing 200 nm; exclusive economic zone 200 nm)

Coastline: 3,219 km

PEOPLE
Population: 49,823,000 (July 1982), average annual growth rate 2.1%

Nationality: noun—Thai (sing. and pl.); adjective—Thai

Ethnic divisions: 75% Thai, 14% Chinese, 11% minorities

Religion: 95.5% Buddhist, 4% Muslim, 0.5% Christian

Language: Thai; English secondary language of elite

Literacy: 82%

Labor force: 78% agriculture, 15% services, 7% industry

GOVERNMENT
Official name: Kingdom of Thailand

Type: constitutional monarchy

Capital: Bangkok

Political subdivisions: 71 centrally controlled provinces

Legal system: based on civil law system, with influences of common law; legal education at Thammasat University; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

National holiday: National Day, 5 December

Branches: King is head of state with nominal powers; semiparliamentary system reestablished 22 April 1979; judiciary relatively independent except in important political subversive cases

Government leaders: King BHUMIBOL ADULYADEJ, Prime Minister Gen. PREM TINSULANONDA

Elections: last held April 1979; next scheduled for April 1983  230