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ANDORRA (Continued) Elections: half of General Council chosen every two years, last election December 1979 Political parties and leaders: political parties not yet legally recognized; traditionally no political parties but only partisans for particular independent candidates for the General Council, on the basis of competence, personality, and orientation toward Spain or France; various small pressure groups developed in 1972; first formal political party—Andorran Democratic Association—formed in November 1976; as of March 1980, newly formed Partit Democrata Andorra, which had applied for legal status, must await final approval of a new law covering associations

Communists: negligible

Member of: UNESCO

ECONOMY
Agriculture: sheep raising; small quantities of tobacco, rye, wheat, barley, oats, and some vegetables (less than 4% of land is arable)

Major industries: tourism, sheep, timber, tobacco, and smuggling

Electric power: 25,000 kW capacity (1981); 100 million kWh produced (1981), 3,450 kWh per capita; power is mainly exported to Spain and France

Major trade partners: Spain, France

COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: none

Highways: about 96 km

Civil air: no major transport aircraft

Airfields: none

Telecommunications: international landline circuits to Spain and France; 2 AM stations, 1 FM station, and 1 TV station; about 11,720 telephones (39.0 per 100 popl.)

DEFENSE FORCES
Andorra has no defense forces; Spain and France are responsible for protection as needed  

LAND
1,245,790 km$2$ ; 1% cultivated, 44% forested, 22% meadows and pastures, 33% other (including fallow)

Land boundaries: 5,070 km

WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 20 nm (fishing 200 nm)

Coastline: 1,600 km

PEOPLE
Population: 7,000,000, including Cabinda (July 1982), average annual growth rate 2.5%; Cabinda, 117,000 (July 1982), average annual growth rate 3.3%

Nationality: noun—Angolan(s); adjective—Angolan

Ethnic divisions: 93% African, 5% European, 1% mestizo

Religion: about 84% animist, 12% Roman Catholic, 4% Protestant

Language: Portuguese (official); many native dialects

Literacy: 10-15%

Labor force: 2.6 million economically active (1964); 531,000 wage workers (1967)

Organized labor: approx. 65,000 (1967)

GOVERNMENT
Official name: People's Republic of Angola

Type: republic; achieved independence from Portugal in November 1975; constitution promulgated 1975; government formed after civil war which ended in early 1976

Capital: Luanda

Political subdivisions: 17 provinces including the coastal exclave of Cabinda

Legal system: formerly based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law; being modified along "socialist" model

National holiday: Independence Day, 11 November 