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OMAN (Continued) Member of: Arab League, FAO, G-77, GCC, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IMCO, IMF, ISCON, ITU, NAM, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO

ECONOMY
GNP: $5.2 billion (1980), $5,780 per capita est.

Agriculture: based on subsistence farming (fruits, dates; cereals, cattle, camels), fishing, and trade

Major industries: petroleum discovery in 1964; production began in 1967; production 1980, 282,000 b/d; pipeline capacity, 400,000 b/d; revenue for 1980 est. at $3.2 billion

Electric power: 396,000 kW capacity (1980); 867 million kWh produced (1980), 1,467 kWh per capita

Exports: $3.8 billion (f.o.b., 1980) mostly petroleum; non-oil exports (mostly agricultural)

Imports: $1.9 billion (c.i.f., 1980)

Major trade partners: UK, US, other European, Gulf states, India, Australia, China, Japan

Budget: (1980) revenues $3.5 billion, current expenditures $1,964 billion, development expenditures $715 million

Monetary conversion rate: 1 Riyal Omani=US$2.895 (1980)

Fiscal year: calendar year

COMMUNICATIONS
Highways: 2,816 km total; 5 km bituminous surface, 2,811 km motorable track

Pipelines: crude oil 960 km; natural gas 390 km

Ports: 1 major (Qaboos), 3 minor

Civil air: 23 major transport aircraft, including 7 leased in and 1 leased out

Airfields: 195 total, 143 usable; 5 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runways over 3,659 m, 4 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 56 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

Telecommunications: fair system of open-wire, radio-relay, and radiocommunications stations; 13,000 telephones (0.9 per 100 popl.); 3 AM, no FM, 11 TV stations; 1 Indian Ocean satellite station, 6 domestic antennas

DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 213,000; 123,000 fit for military service

Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1981, $1.7 billion; 41% of central government budget  

LAND
803,000 km$2$ (includes Pakistani part of Jammu-Kashmir); 40% arable, including 24% cultivated; 23% unsuitable for cultivation; 34% unreported, probably mostly waste; 3% forested

Land boundaries: 5,900 km

WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 nm (fishing 200 nm; 200 nm exclusive economic zone)

Coastline: 1,046 km

PEOPLE
Population: 93,106,000, excluding Junagadh, Manavadar, Gilgit, Baltistan, and the disputed area of Jammu-Kashmir, (July 1982); average annual growth rate 2.9%

Nationality: noun—Pakistani(s); adjective—Pakistani

Religion: 97% Muslim, 3% other

Language: official, Urdu; total spoken languages—7% Urdu, 64% Punjabi, 12% Sindhi, 8% Pushtu, 9% other; English is lingua franca

Literacy: 24% (1980)

Labor force: 24.45 million (1981 est.); 52% agriculture, 21% industry, 27% services.

Organized labor: 5% of labor force

GOVERNMENT
Official name: Islamic Republic of Pakistan

Type: parliamentary, federal republic; military seized power 5 July 1977 and temporarily suspended some constitutional provisions

Capital: Islāmābād

Political subdivisions: four provinces—Punjab, Sind, Baluchistan, and North-West Frontier—with the capital territory of Islamabad and certain tribal areas centrally administered; Pakistan claims that Azad Kashmir is independent pending a settlement of the dispute with India, but it is in fact under Pakistani control  180