Page:CIA World Factbook(1982).djvu/197

NORWAY (Continued) Shortages: most raw materials with the exception of timber, petroleum, iron, copper, and ilmenite ore, dairy products and fish Crude steel: 921,000 metric tons produced (1979), 230 kg per capita

Electric power: 20,000,000 kW capacity (1980); 83.986 billion kWh produced (1980), 20,520 kWh per capita

Exports: $18,712 million (f.o.b., 1980); principal items—oil, natural gas, metals, pulp and paper, fish products, ships, chemicals, oil

Imports: $16,955 million (c.i.f., 1980); principal items—foodstuffs, ships, fuels, motor vehicles, iron and steel, chemical compounds, textiles

Major trade partners: 55% EC (25% UK, 14% West Germany, 6% Denmark); 15% Sweden; 6% US; 2% Eastern Bloc countries (1979)

Aid: donor, bilateral economic aid authorized (ODA and OOF), $1.1 billion (1970-79)

Budget: (1980) revenues $15.0 billion, expenditures $18.7 billion

Monetary conversion rate: 1 kroner = US$0.202 (1980)

Fiscal year: calendar year

COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 4,257 km standard gauge (1.435 m); Norwegian State Railways (NSB) operates 4,241 km (2,440 km electrified and 91 km double track); 16 km privately owned and electrified

Highways: 78,116 km total; 17,699 km concrete and bitumen; 19,277 km bituminous treated; 41,140 km gravel, crushed stone, and earth

Inland waterways: 1,577 km; 1.5-2.4 m draft vessels maximum

Pipelines: refined products, 53 km

Ports: 9 major, 69 minor

Civil air: 51 major transport aircraft

Airfields: 103 total, 102 usable; 52 with permanent-surface runways; 12 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 15 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

Telecommunications: high-quality domestic and international telephone, telegraph, and telex services; 1.73 million telephones (42.3 per 100 popl.); 40 AM, 685 FM, and 1,320 TV stations; 5 coaxial submarine cables; 6 domestic satellite stations

DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 1,002,000; 815,000 fit for military service; 33,000 reach military age (20) annually Military budget: proposed for fiscal year ending 31 December 1982, $1.3 billion; about 8.8% of proposed central government budget 

LAND
About 212,380 km$2$; negligible amount forested, remainder desert, waste, or urban

Land boundaries: 1,384 km

WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 nm (fishing 200 nm; exclusive economic zone 200 nm)

Coastline: 2,092 km

PEOPLE
Population: 948,000 (July 1982), average annual growth rate 3.1%

Nationality: noun—Omani(s); adjective—Omani

Ethnic divisions: almost entirely Arab with small groups of Iranians, Baluchis, and Indians

Religion: Muslim (Ibadhi and Sunni sects, few Shias)

Language: Arabic

Literacy: 10%

Labor force: 300,000; 49% are non-Omani

GOVERNMENT
Official name: Sultanate of Oman

Type: absolute monarchy; independent, with strong residual UK influence

Capital: Muscat

Political subdivisions: 1 province (Dhofar), 9 regions, and numerous districts (wilayats)

Legal system: based on English common law and Islamic law; no constitution; ultimate appeal to the Sultan; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

National holiday: 18 November

Government leader: Sultan Qaboos bin SAID (Al Bu Said)

Other political or pressure groups: outlawed Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman (PFLO), based in South Yemen  179