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NICARAGUA (Continued) Member of: CACM, FAO, G-77, GATT, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAC, ICAO, ICO, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IPC, ILO, IMF, INTELSAT, IPU, ISO, ITU, NAM, NAMUCAR (Caribbean Multinational Shipping Line—Naviera national del Caribe) OAS, ODECA, SELA, UN, UNESCO, UPEB, UPU, WHO, WMO, WTO

ECONOMY
GDP: $L8 billion (1980), $692 per capita; 71% private consumption, 11% government consumption, 14% domestic investment, 4% net foreign balance (1979); real growth rate 1980, -10.0%

Agriculture: main crops—cotton, coffee, sugarcane, rice, corn, beans, cattle; caloric intake, 2,446 calories per day per capita (1977)

Major industries: food processing chemicals, metal products, textiles and clothing

Electric power: 385,000 kW capacity (1981); 1.35 billion kWh produced (1981), 550 kWh per capita

Exports: $450 million (f.o.b., 1980); cotton, coffee, chemical products, meat, sugar

Imports: $822 million (f.o.b., 1980); food and nonfood agricultural products, chemicals and pharmaceuticals, transportation equipment, machinery, construction materials, clothing, petroleum

Major trade partners: exports—21% US, 23% CACM, 28% EC, 28% other; imports—31% US, 23% CACM, 17% EC, 29% other (1978)

Aid and Ex-Im Credits: economic—extensions (FY70–80) from US, $223,4 million; other Western countries, ODA and OOF (1970-79), $144.6 million; military—(FY70-79) from US, $20 million

Budget: 1980 expenditures $622 million

Monetary conversion rate: 10.0 cordobas=US$1 {official)

Fiscal year: calendar year

COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 344 km 1.067-meter gauge, government owned

Highways: 24.126 km total; 1,654 km paved, 2,711 km gravel or crushed stone, 5.427 km earth or graded earth, 14,334 km unimproved

Inland waterways: 2,220 km, including 2 large lakes

Pipelines: crude oil, 56 km

Ports: 1 major (Corinto), 7 minor

Civil air: 7 major transport aircraft

Airfields: 349 total, 326 usable; 9 with permanent-surface runways; 11 with runways 1,220-2.439 m

Telecommunications: low-capacity radio-relay and wire system being replaced after war damage; connection into Central American microwave net; Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT station; 55,800 telephones (2,2 per 100 popl.); 85 AM, 30 FM, and 6 TV stations

DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 573,000; 353,000 fit for military service; 3G reach military age (18) annually 174