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IRELAND (Continued) Major trade partners: 74.1% EC (42.7% UK); 8.0% US and Canada

Budget: (1980 actual) 3,702 million pounds expenditures, 3,155 million pounds revenues, 547 million pounds deficit, public sector borrowing requirement 1,316 million pounds; (1981 est.) 4,719 million pounds expenditures, 3,932 million pounds revenues, 787 million pounds deficit, public sector borrowing requirement 1,637 million pounds

Monetary conversion rate: 1 Irish pound=US$2.0580 (1980 average)

Fiscal year: calendar year

COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 2,190 km 1.600-meter gauge, government owned

Highways: 92,294 km total; 87,422 km surfaced, 4,872 km gravel or crushed stone

Inland waterways: approximately 1,000 km

Ports: 6 major, 38 minor

Civil air: 36 major transport aircraft, including 2 leased in and 4 out

Airfields: 38 total, 37 usable; 9 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 3 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

Telecommunications: small, modern system using cable and radio-relay circuits; 586,000 telephones (17.2 per 100 popl.); 15 AM, 14 FM, and 59 TV stations; 2 coaxial submarine cables; planned satellite station

DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 807,000; 662,000 fit for military service; about 33,000 reach military age (17) annually

Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1981, $222 million; about 4.0% of the central government budget

 

ISRAEL
NOTE: the Arab territories occupied by Israel since the 1967 war are not included in the data below unless indicated; the occupied Gaza Strip (360 km$2$) was administered from 1948 to June 1967 by Egypt but not claimed as sovereign territory; Israel relinquished control of the Sinai to Egypt on 25 April 1982

LAND
20,720 km$2$ (excluding about 26,331 km$2$ of occupied territory in Jordan, Egypt, Syria, and Gaza as of January 1982); 20% cultivated, 40% pastureland and meadows, 4% forested, 4% desert, waste, or urban, 3% inland water, 29% unsurveyed (mostly desert)

Land boundaries: 1,036 km (before 1967 war); including occupied areas, approximately 1,050 km (as of January 1982)

WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 6 nm

Coastline: 273 km (before 1967 war); including occupied areas, approximately 400 km (January 1982)

PEOPLE
Population: 3,916,000, excluding East Jerusalem (July 1982), average annual growth rate 1.9%

Nationality: noun—Israeli(s); adjective—Israeli

Ethnic divisions: 85% Jews, 15% non-Jews (mostly Arabs)

Religion: 85% Judaism, 11% Islam, 4% Christian and other

Language: Hebrew official; Arabic used officially for Arab minority; English most commonly used foreign language

Literacy: 88% Jews, 48% Arabs

Labor force: 1,318,000; 6.3% agriculture, forestry and fishing; 23.5% industry, mining, and manufacturing; 1.0% electricity and water; 6.3% construction and public works; 11.6% commerce; 6.9% transport, storage, and communications; 8.2% finance and business; 29.3% public services; 6.1% personal and other services (1980)  112