Page:CIA-RDP01-00707R000200110022-9.pdf/23

 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2009/06/16: CIA-RDP01-00707R00020011022-9

ing. While good work is done, it is not of international significance. The main organization for meteorological research is the Meteorological Service, with headquarters in Potsdam. It has a research division, which is responsible for the coordination of research, and a climatology division. A number of facilities are subordinate to the service, including the Research Institute for Agrometeorology, Halle; the Research Institute for Bioclimatology, and the Research Institute for Hydrometeorology, both in East Berlin; and the Institute for Large Scale Weather Research, Potsdam. It also directs three observatories; the Main Meteorological Observatory, Potsdam; the Lindenberg Aerological Observatory, Lindenberg, and the Dresden-Wahnsdorf Meteorological Observatory, Wahnsdorf.

Studies have been undertaken on noctilucent clouds, stratospheric ozone, and stratospheric warmings. Some effort has been devoted to studies in aerology and forecasting and observing techniques, various climatological parameters, and micrometeorology. Research also has been carried out on atmospheric optics, atmospheric radioactivity, and terrestrial heat balance. Very little cloud physics research appears to be underway. Some work is being done in dynamic meteorology, but it does not relate directly to numerical forecasting. The Meteorological Service's Central Forecasting Office in Potsdam has an automatic picture transmission (APT) station for receiving transmissions from U.S. meteorological satellites. A shipboard APT station to service the East German fishing fleet is planned.

(3) Terrestrial geophysics and geology — The principal center of geomagnetic research is the AW's Geomagnetic Institute in Potsdam and its subordinate facility, the Adolf Schmidt Observatory for Geomagnetism in Niemegk. The research is of good quality and has emphasized geomagnetic variations associates with ionospheric processes. Studies have been carried out in the morphology of the quiescent field. Some research is conducted in paleomagnetism. Magnetotelluric sounding investigations have been made by the AW's Central Institute of the Physics of the Earth in Potsdam and are being extended to the maritime region.

Research in seismology is routine. It is centered at the Institute for Geodynamics of the AW in Jena, which has a seismic station at Moxa. The work has included macroseismic and microseismic studies, the compilation of earthquake catalogues, and the development of instrumentation. Seismological exploration is underway throughout East Germany. Crustal structure work also is pursued by industrial concerns.

Geological research is undistinguished. Most of the effort is devoted to exploration for new reserves of petroleum and natural gas, because East Germany relies mainly on imports of these resources. There is considerable activity in geochemistry and some geologically related selenological research is done.

(4) Geodesy — The most noteworthy research and development efforts in geodesy continued to be focused on new and improved geodetic instruments. Modern geodetic techniques and instruments, including electronic, electrooptical, microwave and satellite methods for obtaining horizontal and vertical geodetic control, are being used. Among the Eastern European countries, East Germany is second only to the U.S.S.R. in the ability to develop and produce a full range of geodetic instruments and equipment. VEB Carl Zeiss is the center for geodetic instrument research and development. The Central Geophysical Institute of the AW in Potsdam and the Geodetic Institute of the Technical University of Dresden are the most important geodetic research organizations in the country. The institute is the foremost educational facility offering instruction in surveying and higher geodesy.

Significant instruments of East German design include the EOK 2000 electro-optical distance measuring instrument which uses an infrared light source; the EOS telemeter; the SLG and PSK satellite tracking camera; an automatic camera for astrogeodesy; and the Theo 002 geodetic-astronomic universal theodolite. The Theo 002 is an instrument of the highest precision and is the first such instrument to be built in any of the Communist countries since a Soviet development in 1935. Automatic data processing systems for geodesy and mapping have been designed primarily for instrumentation produced by VEB Carl Zeiss, mostly for export to other Communist countries.

Horizontal surveying activity has resulted in the completion of the first-order trigonometric net. Vertical work has centered around the preparation of reobserving the first-order leveling net to increase its accuracy and to increase significantly the recording of the vertical movements of the earth's crust. Vertical studies have included systematic errors in precise leveling, horizontal components of the tidal forces in conjunction with the first-order leveling net, and the development of the techniques and implements of motorized precision leveling.

East Germany has been fairly active in geodetic astronomy. Research at the Central Geophysical

18

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2009/06/16: CIA-RDP01-00707R00020011022-9