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jobs in the cities. There is little that the regime has been able to do to reverse the trend, but it is making an attempt to improve the quality of the remaining agricultural labor force by training those who stay on the farms and by trying to attract more young people into agricultural careers. Many students, soldiers, and city workers are "volunteered" to work on the harvests, but they are generally not able to compensate for the loss of experienced labor formerly provided by family members of independent peasant household. (The overall manpower situation of East Germany is discussed in detail in The Society chapter of this General Survey.)

d. Fisheries and forestry

As a result of substantial and successful efforts to increase the fish catch since the war, the domestic catch now supplies most consumption requirements. From 1960 to 1971 the catch rose from 114,000 tons to 331,000 tons. Of the latter total, all but 14,000 tons was caught by the coastal and high-seas fishing fleets.

Forestry, which was an export industry in pre-World War II years and in the early postwar period, now supplies only about 85% of domestic demand for wood and wood products. Imports of lumber and pulpwood increased by at least 65% since 1960, to satisfy rising

'''FIGURE 11. Major industrial concentrations (U/OU)'''

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