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 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2009/06/16: CIA-RDP01-00707R000200070025-1

SECRET

Affairs, Foreign Affairs, and Mining and Power. The main change in the state railroads system is located at the MOC in Warsaw, and zone exchanges are located at the regional directorates in Gdansk, Katowice, Krakow, Lublin, Poznan, Szczecin, and Warsaw. Connections between the main and zone exchanges are fully automatic. The Ministry of Mining and Power has its own telephone and telegraph carrier-frequency system between the ministry offices and its district administrations. Coastal radio stations are located at Gdynia, Szczecin, and Witown.

Polish armed forces also operate special-purpose telecom systems. Service units at all levels of command are linked by a wire-line network backed up by radio facilities. Higher echelons of command use fixed radio facilities. The Soviet Northern Group of Forces (NGF) maintains and operates an open-wire network entirely independent of the MOC net. The system includes a transit route from the USSR to the Group of Soviet Forces, Germany, headquarters at Zossen, East Germany, with a spur to the Northern Group of Soviet Forces, Poland, at Legnica, Poland. A microwave radio-relay link, employing a tropospheric scatter system, extends to the headquarters of the Central Group of Forces at Milowice, Czechoslovakia.

Climatic conditions do not significantly affect the construction, maintenance, or operation of the telecom system. Overhead lines are used in preference to underground cables where marshy areas occur in the eastern part of the country and in mountainous terrain in the southeast. To prevent sabotage, guards are stationed at all key terminal installations and at storage and repair centers in each administrative district. Filing cables are installed around major urban centers so that traffic can be diverted during emergencies, and, in addition, reserve terminal centers are located in underground bunkers.

There are adequate facilities and trained personnel to support the national telecom complex. Engineers and technicians are trained at basic vocational, technical-vocational, and academic schools. Basic and technical-vocational schools give 2- and 4-year courses in the administration, operation, and maintenance of telecom services and facilities. The academic schools offer telecom engineering degrees.

The telecom equipment industry in Poland ranks third behind East Germany and Czechoslovakia in Eastern Europe, excluding the USSR. The industry comprises 21 major equipment producers and over 20 additional facilities that manufacture components, subassemblies, and cable. Types of wire equipment produced include automatic telephone exchanges, manual switchboards, telephone handsets, telegraph equipment, carrier and repeater devices, and coaxial and multiconductor cable. Radio-relay equipment having capacities of up to 24 channels is produced domestically, but a significant number of Free World and Soviet radio-relay systems have also been installed. Most of the broadcast transmitters are imported. The development of telecom services continues under the 1971-75 Five Year Plan; primary emphasis is on renovating and improving intercity networks and expanding telephone facilities using modern cross-bar automatic switching equipment. Nationwide telephone direct distance dialing and the automation of telegraph services are also to be expanded. Broadcast facilities are scheduled for modernization and improvement.

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APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2009/06/16: CIA-RDP01-00707R000200070025-1