Page:Bryan's dictionary of painters and engravers, volume 1.djvu/57

 Floreuce. tfffisi. His own Portrait. ,. Adoration of the Magi. „ „ The Magdalene. ,^ „ Infant Ciirist sleeping. Loudon. Kat. Gall. Portrait of a Lady. Paris. Louvre. Isabella of Aragon at the feet of Charles VIII.

ALLSTON, Washington, one of the chief painters of the American scIjooI, was bom at Waccamaw in South CaroHna, in 1779. After the completion of his university career at Harvard, lie took up his abode at Charleston, where he, however, did not long remain, as he desired to go to Europe for the improvement of his art. He arrived in London in 1801, and at once entered the Royal Academy Schools, where he became acquainted with his fellow-countryman. West, who was then president. In 1804, Allston went with his friend Vanderlyn and with C. R. Leslie to Paris, and thence to Rome, where in the follow- ing year he painted his ' Joseph's Dream.' At Rome, Allston commenced with Washington Irving a friendship which lasted for life. He also became acquainted with Coleridge, and the Danish sculptor, Thorwaldsen. In 1809, he went back to America, married a sister of Dr. Channing, and then returned to London, where he produced his ' Dead Man touching Elisha's bones,' which gained a prize of two hundred guineas from the British Institution. It is now in the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts at Philadelphia. Then followed the ' Liberation of St. Peter by the Angel,' which was taken to America in 1859, and presented by Dr. Hooper in 1877 to the Wor- cester Lunatic Hospital, U.S. ; ' Uriel in the Sun,' in the possession of the Duke of Sutherland ; and ' Jacob's Dream,' in the Petworth Gallery. In 1818, Allston returned to America, and settled at Boston, his health weakened by sorrow for the death of his wife, and by overwork. In the same year he was elected an Associate of the Royal Academy. Of the works which he executed in the following years, we may notice, the ' Prophet Jeremiah,' now in Yale College; 'Saul and the Witch of Endor ;' 'Miriam's Song;' and ' Danto's Beatrice.' In 1830, Allston married again. His second choice was the daughter of Chief Justice Dana, of Cambridge, Massachusetts, where he settled. There he spent the remainder of his life in secluded industry, occasionally interrupted by illness. He then produced one of his best known works, 'Spalatro's Vision of the Bloody Hand,' from 'The Italian' by Mrs. Radcliffe — especially remarkable for the efifects of light and shade, and for the expression of fright and a guilty conscience on the face of Spalatro, and the firm determination visible on the countenance of the monk. This work, which was painted for Mr. Ball, of South Carolina, is now in the Taylor Johnston Collection in New York ; it has been engrnved by W. J. Linton. His ' Rosalie,' executed late in life, is also worthy of mention. Allston died at Cambridge in 1843, leaving unfinished a large work, on which he had been engaged at various times for about forty years. It represents 'Belshazzar's Feast,' and is now in the Boston Athenseum, where there is also a ' Portrait of Benjamin West,' which, with that of the poet Coleridge, in the National Portrait Gal- lery, proves that Allston excelled in portraiture as well as in historic painting.

The works of this artist, the pride of his country, the 'American Titian,' are especially remarkable for beauty and power of colouring. His fondness for the terrible is especially noticeable in ' Spa- latro's Vision,' in ' Saul and the Witch of Endor,' and in the unfinished ' Belsh.izzar's Feast.'

ALMELOVEEN, Jan, a Dutch painter and engraver, of Mijdrecht, near Utrecht, flourished towards the close of the 17th century. He is better known by some etchings of landscapes, executed with great lightness and intelligence, after the manner of Saftleven, than by anything he has left us as a painter. Among his plates are :

A portrait of Gisbert Voetius ; signed J, A.lnieloveen^ inv. et fee. A set of twelve landscapes, with small figures ; J. AlmehveeHf inv. el fee. Six mountainous landscapes, with figures ; Jonn. ab Almeloi'een, inv. el fee. The Four Seasons ; aj'ter H. Saflleven. Twelve Views of Dutch Villages ; after the same.

ALOIS. See Aloviqi.

ALOISI, Baldassare, called II Galanino, was born at Bologna in 1578, and was brought up in the school of the Carracci, to whom lie was related. He was little inferior to the ablest of his fellow-students ; of this he has given proof in several of his works in the churches at 15ologna, particularly his admired picture of the ' Visitation,' in La Carita, so highly commended by Malvasia; and the 'Virgin and Infant, with St. Jolm the Bapti-st and St. Francis,' in San Paolo in Monte. He visited Rome during the pontificate of Urban VIII., and here, according to Baglioni,he wasnmoh employed in painting portraits of the most illus- trious personages of his time, which were admired for the force and truth of their colouring, and for their extraordinary relief. He also painted some works for the churches at Rome, of which the principal was the great altar-piece in the church of Qesii e Maria, representing the 'Coronation of the Virgin.' He died at Rome in 1G.S8. He was also an engraver, and imitated Lanfranco, Badalocchio, and Guido Reni. He engraved fifty plates of Rapliael's works in the Loggie, in the Vatican. Aloisi had two sons, ViTO Andrea and Gioseffo Carlo, who were painters.

ALOVIGI, Andrea (or Aloisi, Alotsii, and Di LuiGi), of Assisi, called L' Ingeqno, was bom about the year 1470. He is said by Vasari to have been a fellow-pupil with Raphael under Perugino, and to have assisted the latter in the Cambio at Perugia, at Assisi, and in the Sisrine Chapel. Ingegno, Vasari adds, became prematurely blind, and received a pension from Pope Sixtus IV. This last statement Rumohr points out to be an error, as the Pope died in 1484, and Raphael did not enter Perugino's studio till about 1496. Numerous pictures — scattered throughout Europe — are attributed to Ingegno, amongst them a ' Madonna and Child,' in the National Gallery, which is now ascribed in the catalogue to Pinturicchio. Most of his works are in the manner of Fiorenzo di Lorenzo Vasari is the only early writer who mentions this painter, and Rumohr has shown that part of the little he has said of him is incorrect. That there was such a painter is certain, but at present no picture can be pointed out as indisputably the work of his hand.

ALS, Peter, a Danish historical and portrait painter, bom at Copenhagen in 1725, studied for some time under C. G. Pilo. After gaining the first great prize given by the Academy at Copenhagen in 1755, he went to Rome and entered the school of Mengs. He occupied himself chiefly