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 known, by whom he was instructed in the elements of art. He afterwards studied at Venice the works of Tintoretto and Paolo Veronese. Accord- ing to Lanzi, Friuli has not produced a greater genius than Carnio since the time of Pordenone. The composition of his historical subjects is in- genious and novel, and his design lofty and bold. His colouring, especially in his carnations, is tender and harmonious. Some of his best works at Udine have been much injured by retouching. The best preserved is his ' St. Thomas of Villa- nuova ' in Santa Lucia. He painted many easel pictures and portraits for the private collections at Udine. He was living in 1680.

CARNOVALE, Fra. See Cobeadisi.

CAPiNOVALE, DoMENico, was, according to Vidriani, a native of Modena, where he flourished about the year 1564. He excelled in painting architectural views, with figures, which he intro- duced ^^th great propriety. He was also a reput- able architect. A specimen of his style may be seen in Rosini, plate xciiL Wonderful things are related of his skill in architectural painting, and of the Ulusion produced; the parallels are "to be found in like stories recorded of Zeuxis and Parrhasius.

CABNULI, Fra Simoxe da, was a Franciscan monk of Genoa. He flourished about the year 1519, and painted several pictures for his convent, two of which, representing ' The Last Supper,' and ' The Preaching of St. Anthony,' possessed great merit; they are dated in 1519. His manner, with respect to his figures, is not quite divested of the dryness that prevailed at his time ; but he painted architectural designs and bird's-eye views with small figures which are estimable for their aerial perspective.

CARO, Francisco, was the son of Francisco Lopez Caro, and bom at Seville in 1627. He received his first instructions from his father, but afterwards went to Madrid and entered the school of Alonso Cano. According to Palomino his principal works are the pictures of 'The Life of the Virgin,' in the chapel of San Isidoro in the church of St. Andrew, and the celebrated ' Porciuncula,' in the church of San Francisco at Segovia, both of which show considerable talent, and sustain the reputation of the school of Cano. He died at Madrid in 1667.

CARO, Fbancisco Lopez. See Lopez Card.

CARO DE TAVIRA, Juan, a Spanish painter, who flourished in the 17th century, was a native of Carmona and disciple of Zurbaran. He died young, but his early promise procured him the cross of Santiago from Phihp IV. None of his works remain.

CAROLI, Baldassare, was probably a pupil of Palmezzano, and a disciple of EondineUo. He lived in the 16th century, and was the author of a ' Coronation of the Virgin, with Saints ' (amongst whom is St. Mercuriale), signed and dated 1512, and now in the Communal Gallery of Forli. Other paintings by him can be seen in the churches of Forli and Ravenna. No dates are known as to his birth or death.

CAROLIS, Raffaellino de. See Capponi.

CAROLSFELD, Schnorb von. See Schnobr VON Kabolsfeld.

CAROLUS, LuDOVlcus Antonius, a Belgian painter of historical and genre subjects, was born at Antwerp in 1814. He studied under Eeckhout and F. de Braekeleer, and from 1831 to 1834 : worked in the studio of E. Le Poitevin at Pans, whence he returned to Antwerp in 1836. He died in his native city in 1865. His pictures of the everyday life of the 15th and 16th centuries are esteemed for their accuracy of costume and excel- lent colouring.

CARON, Adolphe Alexandre Joseph, was a French engraver, born at Lille in 1797. He studied his art under Lair and Ber-ic, and won the first-class medal at the Salon of 1846. There is an engraving by him of Ary SchefEer's picture of ' Faust and Margaret,' but his best production is 'The Vu-gin, with St. Catharine and St. Rosa,' after Perugino. He also engraved portraits of the Duchess de Berry and her children, after Gerard, and of Madame de Sevigne, after Dev^ria. He died at Clamart in 1867.

CARON, Antoixe, a French historical and por- trait painter, was born at Beauvais about 1515. In 1540 and in 1559 he was working at Fontaine- bleau under the orders of Primaticcio, and in 1573 he executed the decorative paintings on the occa sion of the entry into Paris of Henry, Duke of Anjou, the elected King of Poland, who in the next year became King of France. His pictures have all perished, but there still exists in the National Library at Paris a series of drawings by him known as the 'History of Artemisia,' which represent scenes in the life of Catharine de' Medici. He was one of the masters and the father-in-law of Thomas de Leu, the engraver, and died in Paris about 1593, aged 78.

CARON, Jean Louis Toussaikt, a French en- graver, was bom in Paris in 1790. He studied under Coiny, Regnault, and Lignon. His best pro- ductions were 'Le Famille Inoigente,' after Prud'- hon, and 'The Levite of Mount Ephraim,' after Couder. He died in Paris in 1832.

CARON, Nicolas, was an engraver born at Amiens in 1700. According to Heinecken he studied under Papillon, wlio had a high opinion of his powers. An accident led to his imprisonment, and he died in the Conciergerie in 1768. A por- trait of his master is to be found as a frontispiece to a work entitled 'Traits de la Gravure en Bois.'

CARONNI, Paolo, was an engraver bom at Monza about 1779. He was one of Longhi's best pupils, and produced many engravings of merit. He died at Milan in 1842. Amongst his plates may be noticed :

The Vision of Ezekiel ; after Haphael. 1S25. Alexander and Dai-ius ; after Le Jirun. 1818. Venus suckling the Infant Cupid ; after Parmigiano. Venus stealing Cupid's Bow ; after Procaccini. The Virgin aud Child ; after Sassoferrato. The Triumph of David ; after Domeiiichiiio. A Portrait of Raphael Morghen.

CAROSELLI, Angiolo, was born at Rome in 1585. He studied under Michel Angiolo da Cara- vaggio, of whose works, as well as of those of other masters, he became a successful imitator. He possessed a talent of copying with astonishing precision, and in painting pasticci in imitation of various styles. His large works in the churches are ' The Martyrdom of St. Placidus,' and ' St. Gregory celebrating Mass before a Concourse of People,' in Santa Francesca Romana ; and St. Wenceslaus ' in the Pontifical Palace of the Quirinal. His lesser works were chiefly portraits or paintings in which the figures were small, two specimens of which ma be seen in the Belvedere at Vienna. He died in 1653.