Page:Bryan's dictionary of painters and engravers, volume 1.djvu/134

 he painted, in the principal cloister, the ' Reeur- rection,' ' Christ appearing to the Apostles,' the ' Descent of tlie Holy Ghost,' and ' St. Paul preach- ing.' In 1589 he was made painter to the king. His compositions are copious, and his design cor- rect. Cean Bermudez and Quilliet say that he failed sometimes in vigour and knowledge of chiaroscuro ; but that his colour was that of Barocci, and his forms those of Correggio. He died at the Escorial in 1590.

BARRY, Hendrik. See Bart.

BARRY, J., was a miniature painter, wlio exlii- bited at the Royal Academy at intervals from 1784 to 1819 — amongst others tlae 'Four Seasons,' and various fancy portraits.

BARRY, Jamks. This eminent artist was bom at Cork in 1741. He was the son of a ship-master who traded from Cork to England, and was intended by his father to succeed him in that calling; but his decided inclination for drawing induced his parents to permit him to follow the bent of his genius ; and he was educated at the Academy of Mr. West at Dublin, where, at the age of twenty- two, he gained the premium for the best historical work, by Ids picture of ' St. Patrick baptizing the King of Cashel.' His merit procured him the patronage of Mr. Burke, by whose kindness he was enabled to travel, and to visit Italy, where he remained four years. During his residence abroad he was made a member of the Clementine Academy at Bologna, on which occasion he painted for his diploma picture ' Philoctetes in the Isle of Lemnos.' He returned to England in 1770, and the year afterwards exhibited at the Royal Academy his picture of 'Adam and Eve' (now in the posses- sion of the Society of Arts), and the following year produced his ' Venus Anadyomene,' a picture which gained his election as Associate of the Royal Academy. In 1773 he became a Royal Academician. In 1775 Barry publislied a reply to the Abb(5 Winckelmann, who had asserted that the English are incapable of attaining any great excellence in art, on account of their natural deficiency of genius, and the unfavourable temperature of their climate ; it was considered a triumphant answer. He soon afterwards made his proposal to the Society for the Encouragement of Arts to paint gratuitously a series of six pictures, allegorically illustrating the ' Culture and Progress of Human Knowledge,' which now decorate the great room of the Society. This immense work he accomplished, without assistance, in the short space of three years, and it is sufficient to prove the capacious stretch of his mind and the abundance of his invention. The most important of the series is a view of Elysium (42 feet long), in which the artist painted the portraits of the great and good of all nations. A young lady, after look- ing at it earnestly, said to Barry, '"The ladies, I see, have not yet arrived in this Paradise of yours." " Oh, but they have, madam," replied the painter ; " they reached Elysium some time ago ; they are beyond that very luminous cloud, and very happy they are, I assure you." On the resignation of Edward Penny, in 1783, he was elected Professor of Painting to the Royal Academy. It is to be regretted that this artist's undoubted genius and loftiness of mind were accompanied by a fiery and turbulent nature, which frequently hurried him into the most imprudent and outrageous intemperance of conduct. This unfortunate disposition Droduced many unpleasant dissensions with his brother Academicians, and finally occasioned his expulsion from the Academy in 1799. He died in London in 1806 ; his body lay in state in the great room of the Society of Arts, and was buried in the crypt of St. Paul's Cathedral.

The principal works of Barry are his pictures at the Society of Arts, in the Adelphi, his ' Venus Anadyomene,' ' Birth of Pandora,' and ' King Lear,' for Boydell's ' Shakespeare Gallery.' His engravings of many of his works may be regarded as the productions of a painter inattentive to that beauty and delicacy of execution which are looked for in the productions of a professional engraver. " Barry," says Allan Cunningham, " was the greatest enthusiast in art which this country ever produced ; his passion amounted to madness." He was a bigoted Roman Catholic, cared little for the society of his fellow-men, and lived alone in a wretched house in Castle Street, Oxford Market, where Burke once helped to cook a steak for their dinner, while Barry went out to fetch a pint of porter I Barry's ' Lectures on Painting ' have been frequently reprinted.

BARTH, Carl, who was born at Eisfeld in 1782, studied the art of engraving under J. E. von Miiller at Stuttgart, and thence went to Munich in 1814, and three years later to Rome, for the im- provement of his art. On his return to Germany he was made director of the Herder Art Institution at Freiburg; thence he went to Frankfort. He subsequently visited Hildburghausen and Darm- stadt, where first appeared evidences of the de- rangement of mind which caused his death. He died at Guntershausen near Cassel in 1853. Besides his engravings, Barlh left a number of portraits, both drawings and paintings. The following are his chief plates :

Charity ; after Vogel. Clirist and the Virgin ; a^er Holbein. The Seven Years of Famine ; after Overbeck.

BARTHELEMY, Antoine, (or BerthSlmy,) a historical and portrait painter, was bom at Fon- tainebleau about the year 1633. He was received into the Academy in 1663, and died at Paris in 1669. Another Antoine Barihelemy, likewise a painter, died at Paris in 1649. There was also Josias Baethelemt, living in 1631, and Jean

BARTHELEMY, mentioned by the Abbe de Marolles, either of whom might have been the instructor of Sfebastien Bourdon.

BARTHOLOMEW, Anne Charlotte, miniature and flower painter, whose parental name was Fayermann, was born at Loddon, in Norfolk, in 1800. In 1827 she married Mr. Tumbull, the composer of several popular melodies, who died in 1838; and in 1840 she married Valentine Bartholomew, who had acquired considerable reputation as a flower painter. She died in 1862. Her works were chiefly miniature portraits, and occasionally fruit and flowers.

BARTHOLOMEW, Valentine, who was born in 1799, was an early member of the Society of Painters in Water Colours, which he joined in 1835. He had a special talent for flower painting, a branch of art which he pursued with much success, his works being chiefly remarkable for the great care and the large scale on which they were carried out. 'Azaleas' and 'Camellias' are in the South Kensington Museum. Bartholomew held for many years the post of Flower Painter in Ordinary to the Queen. He died in 1879.