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 countries. Even today, according to UN, world industrial output would have to be increased by a factor of 2.6 if consumption of manufactured goods in developing countries were to be raised to currrent industrial country levels. Given expected population growth, a five- to tenfold increase in world industrial output can be anticipated by the time world population stabilizes sometime 1n the next century. Such growth has serious implications for the future of the world's ecosystems and its natural resource base.

26. In general, industries and industrial operations should be encouraged that are more efficient in terms of resouce use. that generate less pollution and waste, that are based on the use of renewable rathre than non-renewable resources, and that minimize reversible adverse impacts on human health and the environment.

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1. Industrialization in the Third World
}} 27. Growing populations and high proportions of young people in the Third World are leading to large increases in the labour force. Agriculture cannot absorb them. Industry must provide these expanding societies not only which employment but with products and aevices. They will experience massive increases the production of basic consumer goods and a concomitant build-up of industrial infrastructure – iron and steel, paper, chemicals, building material, and transportation. All this implies considerable increases in energy and raw material use, industrial hazards and wastes, accidents, and resource depletion.

28. The problems and prospects for industrial development vary among the Countries of the Third World, which differ greatly in size and resources. There are some large countries with abundant natural resources and a substantial domestic market that provide a base for wide-ranging industrial development. Smaller, resource-rich countries are trying to build up an export-orientated processing industry. Several developing countries have based much of their industrial development on export industries in garments, consumer electronics, and light engineering. In many /…