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 branched radiculose; l. squarrose, from an erect ovate base lanceolate, concave, acute, nerve excurrent; caps. smooth cylindrical, with a long beaked lid; calyp. jagged but not fringed at base.

Alpine summits. Scotland.

2. Peristome single.

186. Hedw. St. about ½in. branched, radiculose; l. spreading, elliptic-lanceolate, oblong, acute or obtuse, nerve sometimes excurrent; margin plane; caps. smooth cylindrical; base of calyptra entire; perist. very fugacious.

Limestone walls, rocks, &c.

var. β. perist. none, leaves apiculate (common).

γ. perist. none, l. obtuse and concave at apex.

δ. perist. none, l. obtuse; caps. oblique.

ε. perist. none, l. piliferous.

187. Hedw. St. about ½in. radiculose; l. oblong-ovate, margin recurved below, and toothed near apex; gradually tapering to a point formed by the excurrent nerve, undulate; caps. cylindrical, smooth; perist. persistent; calyptra fringed at base.

Sub-alpine rocks.

188. Schw. St. ½-1in. radiculose; l. spreading, erect and crisped when dry, oblong-lanceolate, nerve generally more or less excurrent into a mucro, margins plane; caps. oblong-cylindrical, striate, ribbed when dry; perist. persistent; calyp. slightly toothed at base, and roughish at apex.

Mountains in Scotland and Ireland.