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Rh J. The initial letter of the words "judge"

and "justice," for which it frequently stands as an abbreviation. advocate;

Thus, "J. A.," judge "T. J.," junior judge; "L. J.," ’. J ." president judge; "F. J.," A. J.," associate judge; "G. ,' chief juslixe or judge; "J. P.," justice of the pence. "JJ.." judges or justices: "J. U. I’ justite of the common pleas; "J. K. B,’ justice of the king's bench; "J. Q. B " justice of the queen’s bench; "J. U. B.." justice of the upper bench.

This letter is sometimes used for "I," as the initial letter of "Iustitutiones," in references to the Institutes of Justlnian.

Au abbreviation for "lacobus," the Latin form of the name James; used princi- [mlly in citing statutes enacted in the reigns of the English kings of that name; 2. 9., "St. 1 Jac. II " Used also in citing the second part of Croke's reports: thus, "Cro. J ac." denotes "Croke’s reports of cases in the thne of James I."

JAG!-INS. Lat. Lying in aheyance, as in the phrase "h¢m'ezIitn..~r ja.cms," which is an inheritance or estate lying vacant or in abeyance prior to the ascertainment of the heir or his assumption of the succession.

JACI-1'1‘ IN ORE. Lat. law. It lies in the mouth. 5, § 49.

In old English Fletu, lib. 5, c.

JAGK. A kind of defensive coat-armor worn by horsemen in war; not made of solid iron, but of many plates fastened together. Some tenants were bound by their tenure to End it upon invasion. Cowell.

JACOBUS. A gold coin worth 24s., so called from James 1., who was king when it "as struck. Enc. Lond.

JACTITATION. A false boasting; a false claim: assertions repeated to the preju- dice of nnother's right. The species of defa- n1.1tion or disparngement of another's title to real estate known at common law as "slander of title" comes under the head of jactitation, and in some jurisdictions (as in Louisi- ana) a remedy for this injury is provided under the name of an "action of jactitation."

—'l'a.ctit.ntinn of a rifillt to a church sitting appears to be the oasting by a man that he has a right or title to :1 pew or sitting in a church to which he has legally no title.— Jaetitntion of marriage. In English ecclesi-
 * 1-‘tical law. The boasting or giving out by a

partv that he or she is married to snme other, Wl'.I_=reby :1 common reputation of their matrimony may ensue. To defeat that result, the person may he put to a proof of the actual marriage. failing which proof. he or she is put to silence about it. 3 Bl. Comm. 93.—Ja.ctltntion of tithes is the hoasting by a man

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JAMUNLINGI

I

that he is entitled to certain tithes to which he has legally no title.

In medical jurisprudence. Involuntary convulsive muscular movement; restbvs agitation or tossing of the body to and fro. Leuuan v. Insurance 00., 46 La. Ann. 1150, 15 South. 389, 24 L. R. A. 589, 49 Am. st. Rep. 348.

JACTIVUS. Lost by default; tossed away. Conell. JACTURA. In the civil law. A throw-

ing of goods overboard in a stoim; jettison. Loss from such a cause. Calvin.

JACTIJS. A throwing goods overboard to lighten or save the vessel, in which case the goods so sacrificed are a proper subject for general average. Dig. 14, 2, "dz icge Rhodia de Jac-zu." And see Barnard v. Adams, 10 How. 303, 13 L. Ed. 417. —Ja.ctns lapilli. The throwing down of a stone. One of the modes, under the civil law. of interrupting prescription. Where one person was building on nnother's ground, and in this way acquiring a right by uswzapio, the mu.- onner challenged the intrusion and interrnptul the proscriptive right by throwing down one of the stones of the building before witnesses cali- ed for the purpose. Tray. Lat. Max.

JAIL. A gaol; a prison: a building designated by law, or regularly used, for the confinement of persons held in lawful cus-

tody. State v. Bryan, 89 N. C. 534. See Gnon. JAIL DELIVERY. See GAOL. JAIL LIBERTIES. See GAOL.

JAILER, warden of a pris-

on or jall.

A keeper or

JAMBEAUX. law. Leg-armor.

In old English and feudal Blount.

JAMMA, JUMMA. In Hindu law. Total amount: collection; assembly. The totnl of a territorial assignment.

JAMMABUNDY, JUMMABUNDY. In Hindu law. A written schedule of the whole of an assessment.

JAMPNUM. Furze, or grass, or ground where furze grows; as distinguished frt‘-Lu "arable." "pasture." or the like. 00. Litt.fm.

JAMUNLINGI, JAMUNTJILINGL Freemen who delivered themselves and prop- erty to the protection of :1 more powerful person. in order to amid mllitai'l' service and other burdens. Spelman. Also a speclcs of serfs among the Germans. Du Cange. The same as comma.-idati.