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formerly they were moved for by the attorneys at the side bar in court; such, for instance, was the rule to plead, which was an order or command of the court requiring a defendant to plead within a specified number of days. Such also were the rules to reply, to rejoin, and many others, the granting of which depended upon settled rules of practice rather than upon the discretion of the courts, all of Which are rendered unnecessary by recent statutory changes. Brown, voc. "Rule."

In mllring law, the side lines of :1 mining claim are those which measure the extent of the claim on each side of the middle of the vein at the surface. ’1.‘hev are not necessarily the side lines as laid down on the ground or on a map or plat; for if the claim. in its longer dimension. crosses the vein, instead of following it, the platted side linea Will be treated in law as the end lines, and vice versa_ See Argentine .\lin Co. v. Terrihie Min Co., 122 U. S. 478. 7 Sup. Ct. 1356, 30 L. Ed. 1140; Del Monte Min. 00 v. Last Chance Min. C-0., 171 U. s. 55, 18 Sup. Ct. 895, 43 L. Ed. 72.

SIDE REPORTS. A term sometimes applied to unofficial volumes or series of reports, as contrasted with those prepared by the officlal reporter or the court, or to collections of cases omitted from the official reports.

SID]-ISMEN. In ecclesiastical law. These were origmnily persons Whom, in the ancient episcopal s,\;nods, the bishops were wont to summon out of each parish to give information of the disorders of the clergy and people. and to report heretics. In process of time they became standing officers. under the title of "synodsmen," "sldesnlen." or "quest- men." The whole of their duties seems now to have devolved by custom upon the church- wardens of a parish. 1 Burn. Ecc. Law, 399.

SIDEWALK. A walk for foot passen- gers at the side of a street or road. See iiohllmf v. Chicago, 192 Ill 249, (ii N. E. 440. 85 Am. St Rep. 335; Chnlllss v. Parker, 11 Kan. 391; State v. Berxletta. 73 Ind. 185, 38 Am. Rep. 117; Pequignot v Detroit (C. C.) 16 Fed. 212.

SIEN. Au obsolete form of the word "scion " meaning offspring or descendant Co. Litt 1%G.

SIERVO. Span. In Spanish law. A slave has Partldus, pt. 4, tit. 21, l. L

SLETE PARTIDAS. Span. Seven parts. See Las Psizrxnss.

SIGHT. When a bill of exchange is expressed to be payable "at sight," it means

1088

SIGNIFICAVIT

on presentment to the drawee. bell v. French, 6 Term, 212.

See Gimp

SIGIL. In old English law, a seal, or I contracted or abbreviated signature used as n seaL

SIGILLUM. Lat. In old English law. A seal; originally and properly a seal impressed upon wax.

Sigillum est nern impressa, qnia earn sine impressions non eat sigillum. A seal is a piece of wax impressed because wax without an impression is not a seal. 3 Inst. 169.

SIGLA. Lat. 11: Roman law. Marks or signs of abbreviation used in writing. Cod. 1, 17, 11, 13.

SIGN. To afiix one's name to a writing or instrument, for the purpose of authenticating it or to give it effect as one's act

To ‘ ign" is merely to write one's name on paper, or declare assent or attestation by some sign or mark, and does not, like "subscnl1e." require that one should write at the bottom of

the instrument si,:lle(l. See Sheehan v. [awrnvv. 82 Miss. (ESQ. 21 South. 41 33 L. R. A. 102; Robins v. Coryell, 27 Ba Y) 54!);

James v. Patten. 6 ‘N. Y. 9. 55 316.

SIGN-MANUAL. In English law. The signature or subscription of the king is term- ed his "slgn-manual." There is this difl’etence between what the sovereign does under the sign manual and what he or she does under the great seal. vlz., that the former is done as a personal act of the sovereign; the latter as an act of state. Brown.

SIGNATORIIIS ANNULUS. Lat. In the civil law. A signet-ring; a seal-ring. Dig. 50, 16, 74.

SIGNATURE. In ecclesiastical law. The name of a sort of rescrlpt, without sea], containing the suppllcation, the signature oi! the pope or his delegate, and the grant of a pardon.

In contracts. The act of writing one's nnme upon a deed. note, contract, or other instrument, either to identify or authenticate it, or to give it validity as one's own act. The name so written is also called a "signature "

SIGNE1‘. A seal commonly used for the sign manual of the sovereign. Wharton. The signct is also used for the purpose of civil justice in Scotland. Bell.

SIGNIFICATION. In French law. The notice given of a decree, sentence, or other judicial act.

SIGNIPICAVIT. In ecclesiastical law. When this word is used alone, it means the