Page:Birds of North and Middle America partV Ridgway.djvu/104

76 Coloration. — (I.) Adult males black with white spots on wing- coverts, white tips to rectrices (or lateral rectrices mostly white), and interscapulars pure white basally; adult females slate color or blackish above, with white markings as in adult males, under parts cinnamon-rufous or chestnut. (II.) Adult males brownish gray, brown, or rufescent above, the wing-coverts black with terminal white spots, the lateral rectrices also tipped with white; chin, throat, chest, and median portion of breast (sometimes abdomen also) black, the sides and flanks whitish, grayish or fulvous; adult females similar but without black on under parts.

Range. — Southern Mexico to Cayenne, southeastern Brazil, Bolivia, and Peru. (About seven species.)

a. Upper parts black, the feathers of back pure white basally. (Microrhopias boucardi.)
 * b. White tips to lateral rectrices smaller (5-7 mm. long on outermost rectrix).
 * c. Flanks usually slate color. (Southeastern Mexico to Honduras.)

Microrhopias boucardi boucardi, adult male (p. 78).
 * cc. Flanks usually black. (Nicaragua to Panamá.)

Microrhopias boucardi virgata, adult male (p. 79).
 * bb. White tip to lateral rectrices larger (9-12 mm., or more, long on outermost pair). (Colombia to Cayenne and western Ecuadór.)

Microrhopias boucardi consobrina, adult male (p. 80). aa. Upper parts not black.
 * b. Feathers of back abruptly pure white basally; under parts wholly tawny or chestnut. (Microrhopias boucardi.)
 * c. White tip to lateral rectrices smaller (about 5-7 mm. long on outermost rectrix) ; under parts lighter than chestnut, upper parts more grayish slaty.
 * d. Under parts tawny

Microrhopias boucardi boucardi, adult female (p. 78).
 * dd. Under parts deep cinnamon-rufous or rufous-chestnut.

Microrhopias boucardi virgata, adult female (p. 80).
 * cc. White tip to lateral rectrices larger (10-15 mm. long on outermost rectrix); under parts deep chestnut, upper parts more blackish slaty.

Microrhopias boucardi consobrina, adult female (p. 80).
 * bb. Feathers of back not white basally; under parts not tawny or chestnut. (Microrhopias grisea.)
 * c. Sides of head, throat, chest, and breast uniform black. (Adult males.)
 * d. General color of upper parts darker (deep grayish sepia or purplish brownish slate color).