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382 Black Guillemot, Its habit of carrying fish for long time in bill, 68

— Manner of swallowing fish of, 69

— Fighting of the, 69; may be passing into a sport, 70, 71; will fight with fish in the bill, 71, 72

— Wings only used by, in diving, 72

— Luminous appearance of, under water, 72, 204

— Manner of feeding young of, 72, 73

— Cry of, 128

— Coloration of buccal cavity of, 128, 129; suggested explanation of, 129–31

— Eats seaweed, 203

— Wing-patches of, conspicuous under water, 203

— Carries one fish at a time, 301, 302

— Robbed by arctic skua, 302

Black-headed Gull, Relations of, with peewit, 10

Books, The hundred best, 110

Brodby, Mrs., Missed as a landlady, 190, 191

— Pious hope in regard to, 191

C

Cheltenham Corporation, Ducks done away with by the, at Pittville, 65–7

Christianity, Mock trials as between, and paganism, by prejudiced Christian authors, 256

Collector, the, Does more harm than the sportsman, 144, 145

— Goal of the, extermination, 145

— The biggest-record Thug, 145

— His love of Nature, 145

Common Gull, is like common sense, 13

— Makes best resistance to arctic skua, 13, 14

— A young Christian nationality, 14

Common Seals seen leaping out of the water, 57, 58

— Luminous appearance of, under water, 175, 204

— Manner of swimming under water of, 175

— A splendid sight of, 213

— As seen under different circumstances, 213, 214

— Unorthodox attitudes of, 214, 226, 227

— Odd actions of, 214, 215, 227

Common Seals, Animals of a finely-touched spirit, 215

— Playing with a spar, 216

— Practical joking of, 217, 322

— A dormitory of, 225, 226

— Difference in size, etc., of, 229

— Sentinels not posted by, 229, 304, 305, 306

— Resemblance of, to a man, 230

— At the chosen rock, 231, 259

— Bed-times of, not governed by the tide, 234

— Perpendicular attitude of, in water, 257, 297, 298

— Length of submersions of, 257, 258

— Habit of opening mouth of, 258, 259

— Sleep floating in the sea, 259, 260; and under the water, 297, 298

— Makes the sea a rock, 260

— A great sleeper, 260, 298

— Sporting of, with seaweed, 321, 322

— Should be called phoca Antiquarius, 325

— Liking shown for special rocks by, 330–33, 345; or particular places upon them, 345, 346

— Use made of seaweed by, 332

— Activity of, in water, 335, 336; but surpassed by that of the otariidæ, 337–41; difficulty of understanding this and parallel cases, 336–41

— Sporting together of, in sea, 346, 347

— Eat fish in a playful manner, 347

— Author's observations on, collated with those of the late Dr. Edmondstone, 373–9

— Are governed by the law of practicability, 379

Crouching, Habit of, in birds may have preceded that of flying, 6, 7; or have been resorted to owing to weak flight, 7

— Habit of, in young skuas, terns, gulls, peewits, etc., 197; and in stone-curlew through life, as supposed, 6, 197

Cuckoo, Brilliancy of mouth-cavity in, 131, 132; suggested explanation of this through natural selection, 131, 132

— Actions of young in nest when disturbed, 132

Curlew, A complaining shadow, 1