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Immediately following the apostolical times are four libraries exhibiting the two chief varieties of typical Roman library building, three of these in places visited by the apostles and so near to the time as to be within the possible lifetime of some of those mentioned as hearers. These are the Ulpian at Rome, the Celsus at Ephesus, and Hadrian's Library at Athens. The fourth at Timgad is outside apostolical places and times but well within the Roman period and a valuable interpreter.

The famous Ulpian library of Trajan (98-117) founded while many of the Church of Rome who had known St. Paul in the flesh were still living, brings the