Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/94

 Source: Activated sludge.

Habitat: Unknown.

2. Nitrosogloea schizobacteroides H. Winogradsky, 1935. (Nitrosocystis "II", H. Winogradsky, Trans. Third Intern. Cong. Soil Sci., Oxford, 1, 1935, 139; H. Winogradsky, Compt. rend. Acad. Sci., Paris, 200, 1935, 1887; Ann. Inst. Past., 58, 1937, 333.)

schiz.o.bac.te.ro.i′des. Gr. schiza cleft, fission; Gr. noun bactrum a rod; Gr. noun idus form, shape; M.L. adj. schizobacteroides shaped like a fission rod.

Elongated rods or short filaments 3 to 4 microns long.

Colonies on silica gel: Flat groups of cells are produced which are united in a common sheath. The aggregates form a pseudo-tissue of interwoven filaments suggestive of a fungus pad. The pad can be removed as a unit from the medium.

Aerobic.

Source: Activated sludge.

Habitat: Unknown.

3. Nitrosogloea membranacea H. Winogradsky, 1935. (Nitrosocystis "III", H. Winogradsky, Trans. Third Intern. Cong. Soil Sci., Oxford, 1, 1935, 139; Compt. rend. Acad. Sci., Paris, 200, 1935, 1887; Ann. Inst. Past., 58, 1937, 333.)

mem.bran.a′ce.a. L. adj. membranaceus membranaceous.

Ellipsoidal cells commonly in pairs and also solitary.

Colonies on silica gel: Appear as dull mucoid material with a pale straw color. The cells are held firmly together so that the entire colony is easily picked up with the transfer needle. No structural units within the colony.

Aerobic.

Source: Activated sludge.

Habitat: Unknown.

Ni.tro.bac′ter. Gr. noun nitrum nitre, M.L. nitrate; M.L. noun bacter the masculine form of the Gr. neut. n. bactrum a rod; M.L. mas. n. Nitrobacter nitrate rod.

Cells rod-shaped. Oxidize nitrites to nitrates.

The type species is Nitrobacter winogradskyi Winslow et al.

1. Nitrobacter winogradskyi Winslow et al., 1917. (Nitrobacter Winogradsky, Arch. Sci. biol., St. Petersburg, 1, 1892, 127; Bacterium nitrobacter Lehmann and Neumann, Bakt. Diag., 2 Aufl., 2, 1899, 187; Winslow et al.. Jour. Bact., 2, 1917, 552.)

wi.no.grad′sky.i. Named for S. Winogradsky, the microbiologist who first isolated these bacteria; M.L. mas. gen. n. winogradskyi of Winogradsky.

Description taken from Gibbs (Soil Sci., 8, 1919, 448).

Short, non-motile rods with gelatinous membrane, 0.6 to 0.8 by 1.0 to 1.2 microns. Do not stain readily. Gram-negative (Omelianski, Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 19, 1907, 263).

Can be cultivated on media free of organic matter. Sensitive to certain organic compounds.

Washed agar colonies: In 7 to 10 days very small, light brown, circular to irregular colonies, becoming darker.

Silica gel: Colonies smaller but more dense than those on washed agar.

Washed agar slant: In 7 to 10 days scant, grayish streak.

Inorganic solution medium: After 10 days flocculent sediment. Sensitive to ammonium salts under alkaline conditions.

Nitrite is oxidized to nitrate.

Aerobic.

Strictly autotrophic.

Optimum temperature, between 25° and 28° C.

Source: Soil.

Habitat: Presumably widely distributed in soil.

2. Nitrobacter agilis Nelson, 1931. (Zent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 83, 1931, 287.)