Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/938

 aa. From rodents. b. Primarily from rats. c. Acid from glucose. cc. No acid from glucose bb. Primarily from mice. 2. From avian sources. 8. Mycoplasma pulmonis. 9. Mycoplasma arthritidis. 10. Mycoplasma neurolyticum. 11. Mycoplasma cjallinarum. B. From human sources. 1. No acid from glucose. a. Granular growth throughout semi-solid media. 12. Mycoplasma hominis. aa. Smooth growth at bottom of semi-solid media. 13. Mycoplasma salivarium. 2. Acid from glucose. 14. Mycoplasma fermentans. II. Saprophytic. 15. Mycoplasma laidlawii. 1. Mycoplasma niycoides (Borrel et al., 1910) Freundt, 1955. (Le microbe de la peri- pneumonie, Nocard and Rou.x, Ann. Inst. Past., 13, 1898, 240; Asterococcus niycoides Borrel, Dujardin-Beaumetz, Jeantet and Jouan, Ann. Inst. Past., 24, 1910, 179; Coccobacillus niycoides peripneumoniae Martzinovski, Ann. Inst. Past., 25, 1911, 917; Micromyces peripneumoniae bovis con- tagiosae Frosch, Arch. f. wissensch. u. prakt. Tierheilk., 49, 1923, 35 and 273; Mycoplasma peripneumoniae Nowak, Ann. Inst. Past., 43, 1929, 1349; Asteromyces peri- pneumoniae bovis Wroblewski, Ann. Inst. Past., 4"^, 1931, 105; Borrelomyces peripneu- moniae Turner, Jour. Path, and Bact., 41, 1935, 25; Bovimyces pleuropneumoniae Sabin, Bact. Rev., 5, 1941, 57; Pleuropneumonia bovis Tulasne and Brisou, Ann. Inst. Past., 88, 1955, 237; Freundt, Internat. Bull, of Bact. Nomen. and Taxon., 5, 1955, 73; also see Edward, Internat. Bull, of Bact. Nomen. and Taxon., 5, 1955, 89.) my.co.i'des. Gr. mas.n. myces a fungus; Gr. noun eidus shape, form; M.L. adj. my- coides fungus -like. The cultural and biochemical characteris- tics of this and of most of the other species of the genus are, to a wide extent, based on the work of Edward (Jour. Gen. Microbiol., 10, 1954, 27). Stable and richly branching mycelioid structure with long filaments which measure 40 to 50 microns in length, the maximum being about 100 to 150 microns (0rskov, Ann. Inst. Past., 41, 1927, 413; also see Acta Path, et Microbiol. Scand., 19, 1942, 586; Nowak, op. cit., 1929, 1330; Wroblewski, op. cit., 1931, 94; Ledingham, Jour. Path, and Bact., 37, 1933, 393; Klieneberger, Jour. Path, and Bact., 39, 1934, 409; Tang, Wei, McWhirter and Edgar, Jour. Path, and Bact., 40, 1935, 391; Turner, op. cit., 1935, 1; Freundt, Acta Path, et Microbiol. Scand., 31, 1952, 508). The filaments are re- garded by other authors mainly as artifacts. Klieneberger and Smiles (Jour, of H3'g., 42, 1942, 110) describe reproduction by multi- plication of minute granules within large, irregularly round cells. Gram-negative. Horse-serum agar: Neither film nor spots are produced. Horse-blood agar: Alpha hemolj'sis. Rabbit-serum agar: Poor growth. Semi-solid media: Fluffy growth, prefer- ably near the surface. Broth: Rather strong, generalized opacity with a small deposit which produces silky swirls and threads on shaking. Cultures in broth without glucose remain viable for 45 to 60 days at 37°C. Filtrates of 6-day broth cultures discolor suspensions of horse erythrocytes, presumably due to the forma- tion of methemoglobin.