Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/928

 Non -pathogenic. Habitat : Found on male and female geni- talia. 5. Treponema microdentiiim Noguchi, 1912. (Jour. Exp. Med., 15, 1912, 81.) micro. den'ti.um. Gr. adj. micrus small; h. noun dens, dentis tooth;M.L. gen.pl. noun microdentiuvi of small teeth. The cells are less than 0.25 micron in thickness in the middle and taper toward each extremity, which is pointed. The length varies with age, but the cells may reach 8 microns and may show an average of 14 curves. Sometimes a long, thin, flagella-like projection is observed at each extremity. Growth occurs under anaerobic conditions in serum water medium containing fresh tissue. The serum is slightly coagulated and gives off a strong, fetid odor. Habitat: Found in the normal oral cavity. 6. Treponema mucosiim Noguchi, 1912. (Jour. Exp. Med., 16, 1912, 194.) mu.co'sum. L. adj. mucosus full of slime or mucus. Spiral-shaped cells, 0.25 to 0.3 by 8.0 to 12.0 microns, the number of curves varying from 6 to 8. Both extremities are sharply pointed and often possess a minute, curved projection 8 to 10 microns long. Stain red with Giemsa's stain. Cultivable under anaerobic conditions, forming mucin. A strong, putrid odor is produced in cul- tures. Strictly anaerobic. Source : Isolated from the pus in a case of pyorrhoea. Habitat: Found in pyorrhea alveolaris; possesses pyogenic properties. 7. Treponema carateum Brumpt, 1939. (Treponema de un caso de pinta, Saenz, Grau Triana and Alfonso, Arch, de Med. Int., Havana, 4, 1938, 3; Brumpt, Compt. rend. Soc. Biol., Paris, 130, 1939, 942; Trevo- nema herrejoni Leon and Blanco, Rev. de Med. Trop. y Parasitol., Habana, 6, 1940, 5; Treponema pictor Pardo-Castello, Rev. de Med. Trop. y Parasitol., Habana, 6, 1940, 117; Treponema americanus (sic) Le6n, Rev. de Med. Trop. y Parasit., 6, 1940, 253-276; Treponema pintae Curbelo, Elementos de Bacteriologia M^dica, 1941, 34.) ca.ra'te.um. M.L. noun carate name of a South American disease, pinta; M.L. adj. carateus of carate. Description taken from Leon and Blanco {op. cit., 1940, 5). Cylindrical cells, 0.25 to 0.30 by 7.8 to 36.8 microns, averaging 17.8 microns in length, with sharp-pointed ends. Spiral amplitude, 1.0 micron, regular; spiral depth, 0.8 to 1.0 micron. Number of waves, 6 to 27, according to the length of the cell; 10 to 12 (Brumpt, op. cit., 1939, 942). Actively mo- tile; at times undulating or creeping move- ments are shown. Readily takes silver im- pregnations, Giemsa's stain, carbolfuchsin and gentian violet. Not yet cultivated artificially. Experi- mental transmission unsuccessful so far. Saponin (10 per cent) : Cells disintegrate in six hours at room temperature. Same re- sult with sodium taurocholate (10 per cent) and with bile. Distilled water: Produces swelling of the cells. Motility is lost on heating for 15 minutes at 50° C. or for 3 hours at 41° C. Wassermann, Kahn and Meinicke reac- tions are positive. Source: From the borders of cutaneous lesions of persons having pinta (spotted sickness). Habitat: The cause of pinta, or carate. Common in Mexico and Colombia; also found in other northern countries of South America, in Central America and in the West Indies; rarely found in Cuba. Possibly found in other tropical regions of the world. 8. Treponema cuniculi Noguchi, 1921. {Spirochaeta paraluis cuniculi Jacobsthal, Dermatol. Wochnschr., 71, 1920, 569; No- guchi, Jour. Amer. Med. Assoc, 77, 1921, 2052; also see Jour. Exp. Med., 85, 1922, 395.) cu.ni'cu.li. L. noun cuniculus rabbit; L. gen. noun cuniculi of a rabbit. Description taken from Noguchi (loc. cit.). Aside from being longer, the cells closely resemble those of Treponema pallidum. 0.25